Community medicine in saudi arabia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Community medicine in saudi arabia - Essay Example With the birth of community medicine, the first department of primary care in a military hospital was established in late 1970s and later known as family and community medicine. The most significant breakthrough in the field of family and community medicine was the establishment of the Saudi Board of Family and Community Medicine in 1995. Applicants for family and community medicine program underwent a four-year internship, followed by final examination from the board, fifteen months of training to designated centers, and accomplishing specialties and sub-specialties in the hospital. Health practitioners’ interests in family and community medicine became evident in 2003 when almost 80 candidates compete for the limited training posts in King Abdul-Aziz Medical City residency training programs at National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, KSA. In fact, most of the hospitals and health affairs in KSA have family and community medicine or primary care departments. The developmental b reakthrough achieved by family and community medicine as a clinical specialty will require further studies on the nature and characteristics of family and community medicine. Work Cited Al-Shehri, Ali  M.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Family and Community Medicine in Saudi Arabia. Development and Future.† Saudi Medical Journal 25.10 (2004):  1328-1330.

Essay on the importance of education Essay Example for Free

Essay on the importance of education Essay The term education is derived from Latin, word ‘educere’, ‘educare’ and ‘educatum’ which means to ‘to learn’ , ‘to know’ and ‘to lead out’. Education is the process of receiving or giving systematic instruction, especially at a school or university: a course of education, the theory and practice of teaching. A body of knowledge acquired while being educated. In some occasions I would personally say that I am not always learning, this can be caused by: lack of focus; teacher being absent; cover teachers; teacher being unable to teach the subject well; destructive students or no interest in a topic. French is a pleasant subject to learn as it comprises a lotof active and team work which requires a lot of studying and patience. During the period of exams, later on the month of May 2012, I found myself talking and disrupting the class (due to the lack of focus) which was odd as French was one of my strongest subjects and a few in which I enjoyed. The reason for this was that my teacher was absent and we had a cover teacher which I imminently then thought that I had the privilege to mess about for there will be no consequences but I was wrong†¦ The only person this affected was me myself and this caused me into failing French with an E. One day in my Science class around mid March, we were studying momentum and I found myself tuned in with the lesson (which doesn’t happen often) and was fully focused which resulted to improving my understanding of the topic and Iaccumulated more information about it. The reason being was that the lesson was a mixture of practical active learning and theoretical learning. This made me to enjoy, have fun and partake in the lesson. I really did learn a lot despite my weakness and hatred for science. ‘Education is life itself’ Some people would agree with the statement that education is life itself and utter that education is the most powerful weapon and the key to success. Referring to the bible in Ecclesiastes7:12 ‘For the protection of wisdom is like the protection of money and the advantage of knowledge is that wisdom preserves the life of him who has it’. This quote may suggest that the survival of one may depend upon their knowledge. Being educated is an advantage in life so therefore we should cherish and preserve it as we would protect money. On the other hand, other people may disagree with this statement and say that education isn’t life itself for some people are not well educated but have managed to become successful,people such as:Abraham Lincoln, John D. Rockefeller, Amancio Ortega Gaona and many more. This comes to show that knowledge isn’t just the approval on a paper (degree) but can be physical and specialized skills. Also other unfortunate people mostly in LEDCs (less economically developed countries) such as: Egypt, Mali, Haiti, Ghana,Ukraine, Libya, Vietnametc but does this mean that due to lack of being educated results to individuals from these countries to not be successful ?Of course not. Finally, in my belief I think that education is very beneficial to all. From my personally experience I would say that living does in fact educate me, why? In the past I made mistakes that I had to learn from such as revising a week before an exam to major mistake as forbidden sins from the bible (The 10 commandments) but that’s alright because life never came with instructions. We all came to learn, to conquer and to succeed. Robert M. Hutchins aforementioned: ‘Education is not to reform students or amuse them or to make them expert technicians. It is to unsettle their minds widen their horizons inflame their intellects teach them to think straight. If possible’ sowhy is it that the older generation put a lot of pressure on the younger generation in other words the ‘youths’ to study hard to become doctors and lawyers? We cannot all be doctors and lawyers for God gave each individual a conscious to help us make right and wrong decisions and to follow our hearts. Education is life itself some would say, but I say education is a high light to life ‘the key to success. Victor Hugo ‘He who opens a school door, closes a prison.’

The Scarlet Letter Essay example -- Literary Analysis, Hawthorne

In the first chapter of Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter, a solitary rosebush stands in front of a gloomy prison to symbolize "some sweet moral blossom, that may be found along the track, or relieve the darkening close of a tale of human frailty and sorrow" (Hawthorne 56). Serving as a symbol of beauty and solitude, this rosebush foreshadows the dismal tone that will preside over the remainder of the novel and illustrates the beauty of confession and growth in contrast to the suppression and decay apparent within the prison. Hester can be compared to the rosebush due to her growth and inner beauty following her confession of having committed adultery and because she shows passionate and brazen countenance in the face of stern rigidity. On the contrary, Dimmesdale is the prison, confining his guilt of having committed adultery within himself and thus allowing the decay of his soul. It is through immense symbolism, contrasting imagery, and Biblical allusion that Hawthorne creat es both a critical and gloomy tone while speaking to the ubiquitous theme that unconfessed sin destroys the soul. Hawthorne employs Hester's scarlet letter, her punishment for committing adultery, as a powerful symbol that juxtaposes the concealed letter that Dimmesdale must face due to his hidden guilt. In the first scaffold scene, before the crowd has even witnessed Hester or the affliction that is affixed to her breast, some of the women of the town gossip over her punishment. One young woman tells her neighbors, "Let her cover the mark as she will, the pang of it will be always in her heart," (60) illustrating the fact that Hester feels shame whether or not she is forced to wear the mark. Dimmesdale, on the other hand, does not confess his sin and... ...ul conception. Pearl also provides the only bright and hopeful tone in the novel by personifying the purity associated with confession. It is Hester's confession and freedom from guilt that provides for Pearl's innocence and purity. Through pervasive symbolism, contrasting imagery, and Biblical allusion, Hawthorne creates a critical and gloomy tone and speaks to the omnipresent theme that unconfessed sin destroys the soul. Through the novel, Hester is a symbol of growth due to her freedom from the torment of unconfessed guilt while Dimmesdale represents the decay of the human spirit that results from unconfessed sin. It is Hawthorne's dark and gloomy tone regarding Dimmesdale in contrast to the hopeful and accepting tone regarding Hester and Pearl that clearly personifies his belief that confession of sin revives the soul and allows for personal growth and empathy.

Interpersonal Communications: Concept Analysis Paper

Katie Latimer November 1st, 2012 COMM 218 Concept Application Paper Communication takes place in any and all locations, intentionally and unintentionally, and it can be positive or negative. Many of our personal traits and character qualities can affect how we communicate with other people, and how they communicate with us. Recently, I had an experience that further proved this point to me in a very real and tangible way. Growing up, I have been known as levelheaded and optimistic. I don’t let a lot of distractions or emotions change or affect the way I act around others.As an athlete, my coaches always knew that if they called me into a game I would handle the pressure and play to the best of my ability, so I decided to change that about myself for a day. The night before my â€Å"experiment†, I somehow ended up in a fight with my parents, (not purposefully, of course) which really set the stage. The next morning I woke up with a negative outlook on the day, the though ts of our fight playing over in my head. I went to school, and no one talked to me, which hasn’t happened since my first day of classes, and even then I felt like people were more convivial with me.I think that because I woke up thinking that it was going to be an awful day, I made choices and acted in ways that made that idea come to fruition. This is called â€Å"self-fulfilling prophecy†. According to Alder, Rosenfeld & Proctor (2013), â€Å"A self-fulfilling prophecy occurs when a person’s expectations of an event, and her or his subsequent behavior based on those expectations, make the outcome more likely to occur than would otherwise have been true. (p. 74)† At school, because of my sour disposition and gloomy temperament, I was ignored.Not one person talked to me throughout my three classes that day. It was really quite discouraging. I believe this is because in our culture, we learn (or at least I did) that someone who doesn’t look like the y want to be talked to, doesn’t want to be talked to. Throughout the day I found myself looking around at the pretty, smiling girls and feeling very inadequate. I realize now, what I was feeling was a result of social comparison. According to Alder, Rosenfeld & Proctor (2013), social comparison is â€Å"†¦evaluating ourselves in terms of how we compare with others.We decide whether we are superior or inferior and similar or different by comparing ourselves to what social scientists call reference groups†¦ † (p. 69). Social comparison, in this instance, brought upon feelings of inferiority, as I was displaying undesirable qualities. After a very disheartening day at class, I went home. By the time my mom came home, my attitude had worsened. First she asked me â€Å"What happened? †. I responded by saying, â€Å"Nothing, I’m fine. † Which she took literally, by the content of my words, when I was hoping that she would take them in a relatio nal sense and see that I wasn’t really â€Å"fine†.In this instance, my mother was hearing my words in a contextual form, so when I said, â€Å"I’m fine. †, she heard me saying that I was okay and nothing was wrong. If she had realized that I was communicating with her relationally, she could have been able to tell by the tone of my voice and my non-verbal communications that I was not really â€Å"fine†. At the end of this very long day, I saw my boyfriend. While I am more open with him than I am with other people, I know that he still sees me as a smiling, level-headed person.Somehow he immediately knew that something was wrong. I decided to self-disclose to him, and tell him what was wrong. I told him about the fight between my parents and I, and I believe that my self-disclosure in this instance was more beneficial than risky. He also encouraged me to change my attitude and be more positive, and I believe his words had a more profound effect on me because he is literally a â€Å"significant other†. In every relationship, we can choose what to reveal about ourselves to other people.This is called â€Å"self-disclosure† and it is described as â€Å"The process of deliberately revealing information about oneself that is significant and that would normally not be known by others. (p. G-11)† In this instance, my boyfriend would not have known why I was upset, he would only have known that I was upset. When self-disclosing, honesty is of the utmost importance. If you aren’t honest in your communication, then you aren’t truly communicating. I learned a lot about communication, and I realized that I actually changed my self-concept unintentionally for 24 hours.On that day, I walked around campus feeling as if not one person wanted to converse with me, which was incredibly hard. I also learned that you could never be sure why some people are unfriendly; they may just be having a bad day. I believ e that on that day I relinquished some of the power of my identity management. Never before had I let myself be seen as shy or unfriendly, my presenting self was always approachable and helpful. The presenting self is â€Å"†¦the way we want to appear to others. In most cases the presenting self we seek to create is a socially approved image: diligent student, loyal friend, loving partner, and so on. p. 78)†. I believe that it was a good experience; I let go of my presenting or public self and was able to see more clearly how it changed my communication methods and the way others communicated with me. I also believe that it left me with the knowledge of how to better communicate with people that appear unfriendly or closed off, because you never know, they may just be having â€Å"one of those days†. References Adler, R. B. , Rosenfeld, L. B. , & Proctor, R. F. (2004). Interplay: The process of interpersonal communication. New York: Oxford University Press.

Non Objective Art, Impressionism and American Art Essay

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND: * The art movement that Composition with red, yellow and blue was created in was Surrealism. * After returning to Holland in 1914, Mondrian was fascinated by abstract paintings. * With the war outbreak in Holland, Mondrian was forced to stay in Holland, where in 1916-1917, he helped form the Neo-Plasticism movement. Neo-plasticism impacted and brought out the best in a number of people, where it broke down the forms of nature, reducing the form to a pure, abstract design. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ART WORLD: * Mondrian attempted to represent the world through vertical and horizontal lines which to him represented the two opposing forces: the positive and the negative, the masculine and the feminine, the dynamic and the static. * possesses a sense of simplicity whilst simultaneously comprises of complexity TRIVIA: * Mondrian has used oil on canvas as his materials and has created the artwork to a size of 72.7 cm by 69.2 cm. * Composition with red, yellow and blue is currently located at the Tate Gallery. * Mondrian painted for thirty years and never made a curved line. http://pto.hawthorn73.org/downloads/PTO_Art_Adventure_Grade4_Lesson1.pdf http://www.markedbyteachers.com/gcse/art/composition-with-red-yellow-and-blue-composed-by-piet-mondrian-from-1937-1942-possesses-a-sense-of-simplicity-whilst-simultaneously-comprises-of-complexity.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piet_Mondrian IMPRESSIONISM HISTORICAL BACKGROUND: * Claude Monet worked on WaterlilyPond from 1904 to 1905. * In 1883 Monet moved from the north-west of Paris to Giverny where he lived until his death. Adjacent to his property was a small pond which he acquired in 1893, where he created a water garden with an arched bridge in the Japanese style. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ARTWORK: * The meaning of the painting is to inspire nature and give great beauty to whoever views it. * It is one of Monet’s larger paintings, meant to show off the beauty of the scene it captures. * The sunset color reflecting off the water is one of the many aspects of his choice to make the meaning of this painting beauty and inspiration TRIVIA: * Monet’s brush stroke — precise and pristine in the paintings of 1899 — took on an expressive vitality that was unprecedented in any of the earlier works. * In 1900 he exhibited a series of ten canvases of the pond, showing a single subject in differing light conditions. http://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/claude-oscar-monet-the-water-lily-pond http://www.metmuseum.org/Collections/search-the-collections/110001575 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_Lilies_(1919) http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/arts/artwork/claude-monet-giverny-paintings11.htm AMERICAN ART Cliff Dwellers HISTORICAL BACKGROUND: * In 1913 George Bellows painted a work titled â€Å"Cliff Dwellers.† Bellows was part of the Ash Can School, a group of artists who were influenced by every-day life and often depicted scenes in urban centers. * SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ARTWORK: * â€Å"Cliff Dwellers† is the name Ash Can School painter George Bellowsgave his 1913 depiction of lower Manhattan tenement life. * depicted the â€Å"crudity and chaos† of city life in the immigrant neighborhoods. TRIVIA: * The name of the painting comes from the title of a book about life in the new tall apartment buildings popping up in big cities. * The people were called â€Å"Cliff Dwellers† because they lived high up in small, cramped quarters like the ancient Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest. http://secondat.blogspot.com/2010/08/cliff-dwellers.html http://ephemeralnewyork.wordpress.com/tag/george-bellows/ http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=12254;type=101

Media Studies Coursework

Media Studies Coursework Media Studies Coursework Media Studies Coursework Writing Strategies By definition, media studies is a discipline which deals with three aspects of different media, including content, history and effects. If you are writing a media studies coursework, it means that you have to explore one of those aspects in relation to the specific medium, for example, the internet or the newspaper. The subjects in media study vary in their theoretical and practical focuses, but most media studies coursework projects can be divided into three categories: Criticism of the styles and forms Investigation of the production process Sociological analysis of the media As these three elements suggestion, media studies integrate different sciences and humanities, with many disciplines overlapping. Nevertheless, while writing media studies coursework you should be careful not to confuse the assignment with sociology, cultural studies, philosophy, communication studies, or any other related and yet different discipline. Media Studies Coursework: Things to Consider Media studies coursework writing should include the following: Critical and yet creative analysis and research into existing or new forms of media (for example, the internet vs. print media). It is highly recommended to emphasize the emerging digital media and its role in todays world of media communications For example, you may explore how the emergence of digital media has changed the world we live in You may also discuss the role of media in history of humankind and the overall social progress Your media studies coursework may be purely theoretical in nature: You may explore the impact on media on contemporary life or image a situation when there are no media at all You may offer your individual perception of the specific media or look at how different people use media You may write an effective media studies coursework on the ethics and effects of media on society, public opinion Also, your media studies coursework may be devoted to examination of the relations between the law and media Custom Media Studies Coursework Writing If you have no time to devote to writing media studies coursework, if you want to get an original and relevant coursework written from scratch, if you want to cooperate with professional coursework writers online, you have a unique opportunity to try our legitimate, customized, and absolutely confidential writing services. We will write your coursework from scratch, provide free cover page and outline, ensure proper referencing, and provide free revisions upon your request. We deliver written coursework projects on time and we do not plagiarize. Related posts: Help Assignment Favorite Season Essays Essay Help Essay Assignment Descriptive Essays

The Origins of Cuban-Chinese Cuisine

The Origins of Cuban-Chinese Cuisine Cuban-Chinese Cuisine is the traditional fusing of Cuban and Chinese food by Chinese migrants to Cuba in the 1850s. Brought to Cuba as laborers, these migrants and their Cuban-Chinese progeny developed a cuisine that blended Chinese and Caribbean flavors. After the Cuban Revolution in 1959, many Cuban Chinese left the island and some established Cuban Chinese food restaurants in the United States, mainly in New York City and Miami. Some diners contend that Cuban-Chinese food is more Cuban than Chinese. There are also other genres of Chinese-Latin and Asian-Latin food blends created by Asian migrants to Latin America over the last two centuries. Traditional Cuban Chinese food should not be confused with the current trend of Chino-Latino fusion restaurants that have a modern fusion take on the blending of these two cuisine cultures. Major Food Elements   The Chinese and Cubans are both fans of pork  and serve them as staple dishes. So it was only natural that many Chinese-Cuban specialties involve the â€Å"other white meat.† Popular pork dishes include grilled pork chops in black bean sauce – that’s the Chinese black bean, not the Latin one, using fermented black soy beans. Also popular is a Chinese-Cuban roast pork using Chinese five spice and Chinese-Cuban spare ribs. Rice is also a staple for both cultures. The Chinese in Cuba took local varieties of rice and cooked it in the Chinese stir-fry method in a wok, creating arroz frito, or fried rice. They also used the rice in a Chinese rice porridge, which is like a rice soup cooked with bits of meat and vegetables. Other starches also include noodles for hearty soups, and dough to make wonton wrappers. Plantains, yucca, and black beans are also featured in many Cuban Chinese dishes. Seafood such as fish and shrimp also make up many Cuban-Chinese dishes. Often fish, such as red snapper, is served in the Chinese style of frying or steaming it whole, with the head included, using only the lightest of flavorings such as ginger, scallion, cilantro, and lemon. Popular vegetables include Chinese cabbage, turnip and bean sprouts. Where to Eat Cuban-Chinese Food New York: Flor de Mayo (two locations) La Dinastia   La Victoria China  Nuevo Jardin De China Miami: El Crucero

Themes of Shakespeares Comedy Measure for Measure

Themes of Shakespeares Comedy Measure for Measure Shakespeares Measure for Measure offers a number of themes, including: Judgment and PunishmentSexMarriageReligionThe Role of the Female Judgment and Punishment Measure for Measure asks the audience to consider how and to what extent one person can judge another. Just because someone holds a position of power doesnt indicate that the person is morally superior. The play questions whether it is possible to legislate issues of morality and how to do so. Had Claudio been executed, he would have left Juliet with a child and a tattered reputation. She would have no way to look after the child. Angelo was clearly in the wrong morally, but he was given a job to do and followed through. He wasn’t going to legislate against himself. The Duke has fallen in love with Isabella, Claudios sister, so  his decisions regarding punishment for Claudio and Angelo may have been skewed. The play suggests that people should be answerable for their sins but should receive the same treatment as they provided. Treat others as you would like to be treated, and if you commit a sin, expect to pay for it. Sex Sex is the main driver of the action in this play. In Vienna, illicit sex and prostitution are major social problems, resulting in illegitimacy and disease. This too is a concern for Shakespeare’s London, especially with the plague, as sex could result in death. Mistress Overdone represents the casual access to sex in the play. Claudio is sentenced to death by beheading for impregnating  his fiancà ©e. Isabella is told she can save her brother by having sex with Angelo, but she risks spiritual death and the death of her reputation. The play questions whether it is right for government to legislate against sexuality. Marriage Shakespeare’s comedies often are celebrated by a marriage, which is usually seen as a happy ending. In Measure for Measure, however, marriage is used as a punishment, Angelo is forced to marry Mariana and Lucio is forced to marry Mistress Overdone. This cynical look at marriage is unusual in a comedy. Ironically, marriage here is used to regulate and punish promiscuous behavior. Marriage saves the females reputation and gives them a position they would not have had. For Juliet, Mariana, and Mistress Overdone to an extent, this is the best option. Readers are asked to consider whether marriage would be a good option for Isabella, because she could marry the Duke and have a good social position, but does she love him or is she expected to marry him out of appreciation for what he has done for her? Religion The title of Measure for Measure comes from the gospel of Matthew. The plot includes a  passage where a hypocritical deputy sentences a man to death for fornication and then propositions a  woman. The main themes are associated with religion: morality, virtue, sin, punishment, death, and atonement. Its main character, Isabella, is obsessed with virtue, chastity, and her spiritual journey. The Duke spends most of his time dressed as a friar and Angelo has the attitude and demeanor of a puritan. The Role of the Female Each woman in the play is controlled by the forces of patriarchy. They are vastly different characters, but their social standing is limited by the men in their lives. A novice nun is blackmailed, a prostitute is arrested for running a brothel, and Mariana is jilted for not having a large enough dowry. Juliet and her unborn child are compromised by the attitudes she will face if she has an illegitimate child.

Financial Accounting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Financial Accounting - Assignment Example 25,000 should be included in the revenue for the year ended 31 March 2013. ?50,000 for the paid goods by Witney limited should be included in the revenue for the year ended 31 March 2013. The amount of the sale of laptops that should be included in the revenue for the year ended 31 March 2013 is the full price for the contract with PC4U Ltd that is ?2,720,000. According to the IAS 18, the amount of servicing should affect the period in which the servicing takes place (Accaglobal.Com, 2013). To provide the true picture of the IBI Ryan Plc Company, adjustment of the amount included in the revenue and profit of the year ended 31 March 2013. The change will reflect a change in the overall profit and revenues for the year ended on 31 March 2013. The actual cost of electrical goods, which should be included in the revenue and profit, is ?25,000. This will less the final profit and revenue for the year ended on 31 March by ?25,000. The goods involved should be included in the closing invent ory. For the sale involving IBI Ryan Plc and Witney, for the sale made on 28 March, the amount of ?50,000 should be included in the revenue and profit for the year ended on 31 March. This entry involves the amount received for the period closed on 31 March. In this way, the company will avoid creative accounting and earning management. According to IAS 18, revenue is a measure of the fair value of the consideration receivable or received. The stated revenue amounting to ?3 million should not be included in the final revenue and profit for the year ended on 31 March. In the transaction, involving PC4U Ltd and IBI Ryan Plc for the sale of laptops should be adjusted. In providing the service for to any purchasers of the laptops over the period to 31 December 2015, the company incurs a cost of ?240,000 per annum. The incurred cost for three years is ?240,000 multiplied by 3 (?240,000 * 3 = ?720,000). The normal margin on the service for the laptops will equate the cost of maintenance (? 720,000) to ?959,999.99. The calculation reads as follow. Hundred percent less 25 percent is equal to 75%. A hundred out of seventy-five of ?720,000 is equal to ?959,999.99. The company will, therefore realize revenue from the sale of laptops amounting to 1,760,000 (?2,720,000-?959,999.99) at the time of delivery and service revenue of ?959,999.99 over the three years following the supply (Unknown, 2013).). The adjustment will reduce the revenue and profit of the IBI Ryan Plc Company to the true picture of the company’s transactions for the five years. The total revenue will read less the exaggerated amount. The false amount is ?3 million for the sale of laptops, ?25,000 involving Witney Ltd, and ?960000 involving PC4U Ltd. The amounts add up to ?3985000. This will now match the analysts’ forecasts for the company. According to the analyst, the company has expected revenue of ?4000 million and operating profit of ?50 million. The finalizing financial statement for the year ended 31 March, which is false following creative accounting and earning management will change to the actual figure. The cause of the irregularity is motivated by the remuneration package of the board of directors, which includes incentive bonus linked to the price of the company’s shares. According to the ISA 18, the transactions should be done to match the revenue. This will include income inflow for the period during the normal activities of the company (raptor1.bizlab.mtsu.edu, 2013). QUESTION 2 Business exploits the loopholes in

Future work performance of students Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Future work performance of students - Article Example Here, it is assumed that in all but owner- managed organisations the owner or owners (known in agency theory as the "principal") of an organisation must vest authority to an "agent"-corporate management- to act on their behalf. Harrison & Kessels (2004: 25-26). Given this perception, the principal in an organisation feels unable to predict an agent's behaviour in any given situation and so brings into play various measures to do with incentives in other to tie employee's needs to those of their organisation. In economic literature, the significance of information asymmetries, innovation and strategic behaviour has long been recognised. There exists a considerable literature on how incentives affect a variety of management problems and the methodology for analysis of incentive problems most notably the principal agent model (Muller & Turner 2006).Against this background, this paper centers on what motivating factors are more likely to influence students of my university future job performance. In order to be able to conduct an in-depth analysis of the importance, relevance and functions of effective human resource policies, I have chosen to encompass only a specific number of elements, on the role of motivation towards our university student's future performance. There are basically two-research approaches, the deductive approach in which you develop a theory and hypothesis and design a research strategy to test the hypothesis, or the inductive method in which you will collect data and develop theory as a result of your data analysis (Bryman & Bell 2004, Saunders et al 2007). A research method involves collecting data, with specific instrument such as a self-completion questionnaire or a structured interview schedule or where a researcher listens to and watches others (Bryman & Bell 2004). There are however two research methods from which the above examples stem from. The qualitative and quantitative research methods. None of the method is better than the other, as each of the methods becomes efficient and effective once used in the proper context (Bryman & Bell 2004). The proposed research questions were investigated on a convenience random sample of 50 students at the University. The selected University (Our campus) o'ers an

Democracy in egypt and libya Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Democracy in egypt and libya - Essay Example It is estimated that Hosni Mobarak accumulated about US$40 billion through corruption (Kassem, 2004). Many demonstrators suffered injuries during their protests at Tahrir Square specially. Strong Egyptian army was present in the streets but army chief promised security to his own countrymen. Finally Hosni Mobarak changed his stance and left the presidency. Therefore, people of Egypt finally managed to get rid of a dictator and live their lives as per their own will. Unrest in Middle East spread to Bahrain, Iraq, Iran, Yemen and now Libya is under fire. Now the world is focusing on the unrest in Libya. Anti government protesters have shown a lot of aggression against the Qadhafi’s government and are continuously exerting the pressure to topple Qadhafi’s government. Protestors set fire to the parliament building in Tripoli, seriously challenging the Qadhafi’s rule (Saikal and Schnabel, 2003). Libya is one of the largest oil producers in the region. Libya almost pro duces more than 1.6 million barrels of oil per day. Unrest in Libya can seriously affect the oil prices and global economy also. Unrest in Libya caused death of thousands of people (Pratt, 2007). Qadhafi’s ordered agencies to open fire on the protester that resulted in death of thousands of citizens. Libya is unable to provide protection to their own people. Egypt witnessed the largest protests in last few months. Protestors demanded the resignation of President Hosni Mobarak who ruled the country for more than 30 years (Saikal and Schnabel, 2003). Tahrir square of the capital was the main gathering point for protests. Protesters were not agreed on any incentive less then resignation of the president Hosni Mobarak. This stance of protesters was clear to Mobarak but even than he refused to quit before the elections of coming September. After seeing the state of turmoil in the country, complete cabinet was changed and new ministers were announced but public said that they would only be satisfied when president Mobarak resigns. Tens of thousands of protesters continuously demanded for an end to corruption, deprivation and lawlessness in the country (Kassem, 2004). Army was employed in the streets of Cairo with heavy tanks and other weapon systems. Army allowed protestors to continue protests against the government as this was their legal right. Hosni Mobarak addressed the nation on television before the million march and delivered very inflammatory speech and also pledged reforms in different parts of life (Kassem, 2004). However, on the next day more than a million people again took part in the protests and demanded resignation of Mobarak. This was the first time when people of the Muslim nations stood for their rights of self determination against a dictator who ruined the life of people through corruption and cruelty. Success of protests and end of Mobarak rule in Egypt is most likely to encourage people of other Muslim nations in mid east to take darin g steps against their rulers. Increasing numbers of demonstrations in Egypt cause many injuries to people but deaths were surprisingly very less (Pratt, 2007). Army did not take stern actions against the demonstrators. Army chief denied the use of force against its own citizens. This act of army really gave confidence to people to take active part in the protests and express their views about the government. There were incidents of throwing acid and stones on the protesters at

Analysis of NCLB and IDEA 2004 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis of NCLB and IDEA 2004 - Research Paper Example Schools that fail to meet the AYP objectives for two or more years are categorized as the institutions â€Å"in need of improvement†. Schools under this category may face various consequences (Thomas, Brian, J., Caroline, & Helen, 2010). The NCLB plan demands states to base tests on academic standards and start examining students in Math and reading in grades 3 through 8, on an annually basis. Furthermore, students should receive such tests at least once in grades 10 through 12. The most recent guideline recommends 100% proficiency in Mathematics and reading. NCLB argues that each child must test on grade level in Math and reading. Furthermore, NCLB authorizes school districts to hire educators designated as â€Å"highly qualified† to teach major academic subjects in Title 1 plan. Lastly, the accountability section demands states to describe their strategies for closing the achievement gap and ensuring that all students including the disadvantaged ones attain academic p roficiency (Beekman, 2009). IDEA 2004 targets building equity, responsibility and excellence in education for individuals with disabilities. The plan demands special education teachers to be highly qualified. Furthermore, the plan guides that all students with disabilities should participate in state or district testing in alternate examination (Beekman, 2009). IDEA also states that short-term goals and standards with the exception of the category under alternate assessment should be placed in a temporary alternative setting for involvement in violence, weapons and drugs. In summary, IDEA guides that administrators and policy makers should run customized systems that accord special attention to students with disabilities. The NCLB and IDEA provisions generate a serious controversy because they involve various sensitive aspects. Some scholars believe that the provisions provided by these plans are important for developing better education systems. However, critical observations argue that some provisions are vague and unattainable. For example, critics emphasize that the idea of 100% participation is unachievable because of the challenges associated with the disabled students. Furthermore, the idea of hiring â€Å"highly qualified† teachers may be unrealistic because students’ performance is not entirely dependent on teacher’s competence (McCaffrey, 2004). NCLB and IDEA provisions are likely to affect my activities in the classroom. This is because; my actions must fall within the provisions’ guidelines. It is apparent that as a special education teacher, I have a major duty of ensuring successful implementation of NCLB and IDEA proposals. Often, attaining the plans’ objectives may be challenging because of the great gap between regular students and students with disabilities. However, being a special education teacher, I must devise strategies for handling all controversial concerns within my classroom (Thomas, Brian, J., Car oline, & Helen, 2010). Initially, NCLB and IDEA provisions oblige me into presenting high degrees of professionalism and competence when handling my students. This highlights that with the presence of the plans’ guidelines, the special education teacher career is likely to be a sensitive duty. For example, a provision of the NCBL plan emphasizes the need of hiring â€Å"highly qualified† teachers. This means that I should present commitment towards conforming to the standards of the

Use of Communication Skills to Facilitate Therapeutic Relationships Essay

Use of Communication Skills to Facilitate Therapeutic Relationships - Essay Example In psychiatric setup, the nurse aims at helping the Client to become independent and establishing confidence. Williams& Irurita (2004), states that disclosure is the cornerstone for this relationship to be effective and also for the achievement of self-disclosure. There is need for trust, intimacy, effective relational communication and the assurance of confidentiality (Popoola et al 2012). According to Cull (2012), the Nurse uses their communication skills to understand human behaviors and personal growth so as to ensure Client’s growth. Communication enhanced through an emotional supportive enquiry. The nurse aims to familiarize themselves with the Client and their situation. This can be done through listening, taking notes, clarifying and checking perceptions. It is important to confirm that one has understood what the Client needs. This can be achieved through reflective conversation, reflecting feelings and silence. Thereafter, the Nurse should lead the conversation. Focus should be on the Client’s ideas, expression and feelings and the nurse should be friendly but not a friend to the client. This line needs to be clearly drawn by the nurse. It is important that the Client should be safe, confidential, reliable and consistent with the existing boundaries. For these to happen, the nurse should be genuine, empathetic and positively regard all Clients re gardless of their mental state. Genuineness in this case is the self awareness of the Client’s feelings as they arise in the relationship and the ability to communicate them when necessary. This works to build trust and further prompt the client to open up. The Nurse should be capable of empathy.

Analysis of NCLB and IDEA 2004 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis of NCLB and IDEA 2004 - Research Paper Example Schools that fail to meet the AYP objectives for two or more years are categorized as the institutions â€Å"in need of improvement†. Schools under this category may face various consequences (Thomas, Brian, J., Caroline, & Helen, 2010). The NCLB plan demands states to base tests on academic standards and start examining students in Math and reading in grades 3 through 8, on an annually basis. Furthermore, students should receive such tests at least once in grades 10 through 12. The most recent guideline recommends 100% proficiency in Mathematics and reading. NCLB argues that each child must test on grade level in Math and reading. Furthermore, NCLB authorizes school districts to hire educators designated as â€Å"highly qualified† to teach major academic subjects in Title 1 plan. Lastly, the accountability section demands states to describe their strategies for closing the achievement gap and ensuring that all students including the disadvantaged ones attain academic p roficiency (Beekman, 2009). IDEA 2004 targets building equity, responsibility and excellence in education for individuals with disabilities. The plan demands special education teachers to be highly qualified. Furthermore, the plan guides that all students with disabilities should participate in state or district testing in alternate examination (Beekman, 2009). IDEA also states that short-term goals and standards with the exception of the category under alternate assessment should be placed in a temporary alternative setting for involvement in violence, weapons and drugs. In summary, IDEA guides that administrators and policy makers should run customized systems that accord special attention to students with disabilities. The NCLB and IDEA provisions generate a serious controversy because they involve various sensitive aspects. Some scholars believe that the provisions provided by these plans are important for developing better education systems. However, critical observations argue that some provisions are vague and unattainable. For example, critics emphasize that the idea of 100% participation is unachievable because of the challenges associated with the disabled students. Furthermore, the idea of hiring â€Å"highly qualified† teachers may be unrealistic because students’ performance is not entirely dependent on teacher’s competence (McCaffrey, 2004). NCLB and IDEA provisions are likely to affect my activities in the classroom. This is because; my actions must fall within the provisions’ guidelines. It is apparent that as a special education teacher, I have a major duty of ensuring successful implementation of NCLB and IDEA proposals. Often, attaining the plans’ objectives may be challenging because of the great gap between regular students and students with disabilities. However, being a special education teacher, I must devise strategies for handling all controversial concerns within my classroom (Thomas, Brian, J., Car oline, & Helen, 2010). Initially, NCLB and IDEA provisions oblige me into presenting high degrees of professionalism and competence when handling my students. This highlights that with the presence of the plans’ guidelines, the special education teacher career is likely to be a sensitive duty. For example, a provision of the NCBL plan emphasizes the need of hiring â€Å"highly qualified† teachers. This means that I should present commitment towards conforming to the standards of the

To What Extent Does Shift Work Contribute to the Stress of Working as Essay - 1

To What Extent Does Shift Work Contribute to the Stress of Working as a Paramedic in Adelaide - Essay Example I can also access them when working in order to observe them in their natural working environment and get the feeling of what stress they are encountering as they work in their different shifts (both night and day shifts and the difference between these two shifts).   The sampling technique will be simple random. This is convenient because I will not be biased when conducting the field research and the results will ensure diversity in conditions, the gender of the paramedics and other important factors that other sampling techniques may overlook. I will randomly choose the workstations of the paramedics and then also randomly chose the paramedics I will be observing and those I will be interviewing and minimize biases and sampling error. I will carry out 3 observations (of each shift since the shifts are of 8hours), 7 different interviews (one of the interviews will be for the supervisor and who is also the one in charge of the shifts and organizes the duty calendar), while the other six will be for the different paramedics (randomly chosen). Lastly, I will carry out a focus group discussion that will include all the available paramedics and this will be aimed at getting the general feeling about the shifts not captured in the interviews. Some of the structured interview questions will include: what shift they currently are in? How long does it take before there is a rotation of the shift? Which of the three shifts is the toughest on both the physical and mental strength? Is there a difference health wise of the shifts (this includes having headaches, fatigue, anger, over or under eating, depression or drugs and substance abuse). The rest of the questions will be unstructured in order to get more explanations. One of the ethical problems I foresee is that the interviewees may refuse to be honest due to fear of lack of confidentiality and even anonymity even though this will be assured to them. The other is on the issue of getting voluntary participants to participate in the focus group and especially if the supervisor will be around watching them.  Ã‚  

The ideologies Essay Example for Free

The ideologies Essay The ideologies that dominated the westward expansion of the United States may have been embedded in the idea of â€Å"whiteness†. As an idea, whiteness was originally conceived in Europe as one of the major tools employed in the conquest of the third world countries an objective that was achieved via colonialism and slavery. The whiteness ideology has no biological basis and is a purely a social construction. Whiteness helped to create solidarity among the Europeans with the belief that whites are the superior race. Whiteness is also the ideology underlying racism, particularly when it is viewed from the perspective of the â€Å"white mans burden to colonise the savage†. Despite being flawed with prejudices and ideological errors, whiteness is still upheld as an infallible ideology by its supporters. It therefore forms an essential part of the methods adopted in the domination of other races. The westward expansion of the United States may have largely been informed by this idea of white supremacy . The oppression of native Americans and other minority groups is evident in American history whereby the whites utilised the whiteness ideology as effective forms of social control. Chaos, disorder and savagery are seen by whiteness ideologists as the very opposite of civilisation which the ideology-in their own perspective -stands for. In the Antebellum era the resulting violence, racism, prejudice, discrimination and oppression of the peoples of non-European descent were seen as justifiable by reason of the white supremacy ideology. Native Americans, original owners of much of the west were never considered as equals of their counterparts of European descent. Long before the arrival of the Europeans, the Indians were already settled in North America, this fact did very little to prevent their evacuation from their ancestral lands by the Europeans who were armed with the whiteness ideology and possessed the lands for themselves. The belief that it was expedient for the colonist, who were of European descent to civilise their â€Å"savage’ neighbours considering their â€Å"more intelligent make-up† lent a very strong helping hand to this cause. A replay of the colonisation of African territories was witnessed as the expansion continued, climaxing with the â€Å"Indian removal Act† which resulted in the resettling of Indians on reservations. Another ideology that may have informed Americas drive westward was the need for national security. The allegiance of most Indians to the British was an uncomfortable position for America who was still locked in a dispute with the British following the American Revolutionary Wars. Leaving the western lands unattended would probably have amounted to a weak point in the strategic defence of the United States. The Indian removal act as passed by congress in 1830 was one very important strategy adopted by the US government in its westward expansion . This policy empowered the President to sign relocation treaties with the Native American tribes. These relocations were almost always forcibly enforced as the natives were reluctant to move. Subsequent upon this policy native Americans were relocated to settlements . An assimilation policy was beginning to gain ground as against settlements in reservations with the sole aim of separating the natives from their traditional way of life in order to inculcate them into American cultural way of life. Furthermore some states, as a ploy to deny the scattered Indian resistance of support from Whites Sympathetic to their cause, banned non-Indian settlements on Indian lands. Bison was the major source of food for the Indians of the plains and as a strategy to quit them and take takeover their lands, people were encouraged by then President Jackson to hunt and kill as many Bison as possible so that being starved of food the Indians would move out on their own accord. America’s interest in New Mexico and Upper California led to a war with Mexico on a very flimsy excuse and America’s policy towards the native Indians and Mexico has continually evolved. At the moment assimilation as a policy is preferred over reservation following the Indian citizenship act of 1924. Many Native Indian tribes today have been assimilated into mainstream American culture and are at the granted federal recognition that entails their right to self government, sovereignty and self determination thereby sharing some privileges with the states with limitations however on issues bordering on foreign relations, external aggression and on the ability to mint and print currency. Heart diseases, alcoholism, diabetes etc are some modern physical health problems being suffered by Native Americans whose remote cause may have been the numerous ordeals they have been through over the years. On the whole the westward expansion of the United States has helped in largely defining core American values and civilization. Works Cited 1. For the Common Defence: A Military History of the United States of America (1994). Simon Schuster. ISBN:0-0292-1597-8.

Role of Weak Attractions in Macromolecular Structure

Role of Weak Attractions in Macromolecular Structure Weak attractions in aqueous system?  Hydrogen bonding in water. Crucial role of weak attractions in macromolecular structure  and function. Muhammad Sanain Javed Group A Water is also known as universal solvent because it is the only solvent which mostly use in almost every reaction. There are many types of weak attractions which are present in aqueous system. The weak attractions which are present in the aqueous system are: Hydrogen Bonding Hydrophobic forces of attractions van der Waals forces of attractions Electrostatic forces of attractions Hydrogen Bonding: First of all we will discuss about hydrogen bonding which is present in the aqueous system. Oxygen is more electronegative element as compared to the hydrogen atom, so in this way we can say that the water is a polar molecule. So that there will be dipole-dipole attractions present between partial positively charged hydrogen atom and partial negatively charged oxygen atom. So that we can say that the hydrogen bonding is something more than that of simple dipole-dipole forces. The oxygen atom has two lone pairs. While on the other hand hydrogen has sufficient partial positive charge. In this way both the hydrogen atoms present in the water molecules produce strong electric field due to its small sizes. So that the other oxygen atoms, may be of other molecules, will get link to the hydrogen atoms by means of coordinate covalent bond, using one of its lone pair of electrons. Thus the loose bond is formed, in the result, which is definitely stronger than that of simple dipole -dipole attractions. Because of the small size of hydrogen atom it can take part in this type of bonding. This bonding acts as a bridge between two electronegative oxygen atoms. So that we can say that the hydrogen bonding is the electrostatic force of attraction between a highly electronegative atom and partial positively charged hydrogen atom. Hydrogen bonding plays very important role in the water. We can say that it is the blessing of Allah. As the molecule of water have tetrahedral structure. Two lone pairs of electrons on oxygen atoms occupy two corners of the tetrahedron. In case of liquid state the molecules of water are extensively bonded with each other but these associations are break, just minute to minute because the mobility of molecules of water. When the temperature of the water decreases up to a limited extent then the ice is formed and the and the molecules of water become more and more regular and the regularity of water molecules extends through-out the whole structure of water. So in this way the empty space are created between in the whole structure. When the water freezes it occupies 9% more space as compared to the original water. So in this way its density decreases and ice floats on the surface of the water. The structure is just like to the structure of diamond because each atom of carbon in diamon d is at the center of tetrahedron just like the atoms of oxygen of water molecule present in the ice. The lower density of ice at the temperature of 0 degree helps the water to float on the surface of water from upward to downward direction. When the water attains the temperature of 4C by the fall of temperature in the surrounding it starts to freezes. As the temperature of the surrounding more falls, the water at its surface become less dense. In this way the water on the surface will freezes and animals underlying he surface of the ice will survive. Hydrophobic Attractions: Another important attraction present in the aqueous system is the hydrophobic attraction which is in fact the self association attraction present in the non polar molecules sometimes the hydrophobic attractions are incorrectly referred as hydrophobic bonds. Hydrophobic forces of attractions can easily be described as the interaction between the water and the hydrophobes. This can be explained as low water soluble molecules so in this way we can say that these are the non polar molecules having long chain carbon atoms and some alkyl groups which do not react with the water molecules. Electrostatic forces of attractions: Electrostatic forces of attractions are also present in the aqueous system. This force of attraction is present between the atoms or molecules having opposite charges. These types of forces are only exist in the aqueous solutions so sometimes these are also known as salt bridge. Salt bridge is referred as the electrostatic forces of attractions which are present between oppositely charged groups present within or between the bio-molecules. The strength of the salt bridge can be compared with the strength of the hydrogen bonding but act over larger distance. In this way they also facilitate the attractions of charged particles with the nucleic acids in aqueous system. Van der Waals forces: Van der Waals forces of attractions are also present in the aqueous system. This type of weak forces arises due to attraction between transient dipoles which are produce by the rapid movement of free electrons present in the atom or a molecule. These forces are much weaker than that of hydrogen bonding but on the other hand they are numerous, van der Waals force of attraction decreases as the sixth power of the distance separating atoms. So that due to this reason and due to weak force the van der Waals forces act over very short distance may be up to 2 to 4 aungstrom. Van der Waals forces contain two components one of them is the attractive forces which are commonly known as London dispersion forces. These attractive forces depend on the polarizability of the molecule or an atom. While on the other hand repulsive forces are also present which are commonly known as steric repulsion. This force of repulsion depends on the size of the atom. The force of attractions dominates almost at the longer distance. It is almost about 0.4 nm to 0.7 nm while on the other hand the repulsion dominates at very shorter distance. Van der Waals forces are very weak force and it can easily be broke. We can also say that this is a universal type of attractive force because it can be generated easily between two molecules which are near to each other due to the rapid movement of their electrons. Crucial role of weak attractions in macromolecules: Weak attractions are crucial to macromolecular structure and functions because all the non covalent interactions such as hydrophobic attractions, ionic attractions and van-der Waals attractions are much weaker than that of the covalent attractions. Hydrophobic attractions are also much weaker than that of covalent attractions although they are highly strengthened by a highly polar solvent while on the other hand the hydrogen bonding may be compare able with the covalent bonding but the hydrogen bonding is always less stronger than that of the covalent bonding. All these four types of bonding such as hydrophobic attractions, ionic attractions, hydrogen bonding and van-der Waals forces of attractions are present in the aqueous system. The combined effect of all these four attractions play very important role in the formation of structure of the macromolecule. For example if we look upon the structure of the proteins, DNA and RNA then we can easily see that these bonding specially hydrogen bonding plays very important role in the formation of structure of the macromolecules. More these weak attractions present in the macromolecule hence the more will be the stability of the macromolecule. This shows the combine effect of the weak attractions in the structure of macromolecule. In case of proteins or even in case of nucleotides all the base pairs are attached with the help of these weak attractions such as hydrogen binding. If we see the attachment of adenine and thymine then we can easily observed that these are combined with each other with t he help of two hydrogen bonds while on the other hand if we observe the attachment of guanine with cytosine then easily observe that these are also combined with the help of three hydrogen bonds. While in case of proteins two polypeptides are also combined with each other by the help of hydrogen bonding but only at specific sites. In case of antigen antibody complex formation hydrogen bonding also plays very important role because antigen binds with the antibody with the help of hydrogen bond formation. Other weak attractions are also present in the macromolecules. In case of the enzyme catalytic reactions, when the substrate binds with the catalytic site of enzyme then the energy produced in this reaction is used the catalysis of the bio molecule. The substrate binds with the active sites of enzyme is also due to the formation of weak forces of attractions in the aqueous system. The binding of hormone or a neurotransmitter with the cellular receptor is also due to these weak forces of attractions. When we see the structure of the protein such as hemoglobin then we can easily see that there are many water molecules which are tightly bounded and they look as the part of that protein. Same is true for the DNA or RNA so that in this way we can see that water it self and there related weak attractions play very important role in the stability of the macromolecule. In this way we can say that the weak forces of attractions plays very important role in the stability of the macromolecules. So we can say that without these weak attractions in aqueous system the stability of the macromolecule must be impossible.

An Ironic Night :: essays research papers

It was Friday night January 12 and Tanya, Heidi, and I were on our way to the movies. We drove in Heidi’s brand new 2000 silver Mustang. We were in the car listening to music and happy to get to see the movie that we have been waiting to see. We were going to see Save the Last Dance at 7:25 at Creve Coeur AMC Theater. Heidi took Lindbergh south to Old Olive until we reached the movie theater. The next exit was Old Olive and we got off at it. At that time it was about 7:10. The movie was going to start in 15 minutes. We didn’t want to rush because we knew that we had to find a parking spot and then get seats as well. As we were driving towards the movie theater we noticed a lot of cars coming out. That meant the theater was probably crowded. We started to slow down and make a left turn into Creve Coeur Cinema. Heidi was at a dead stop in the left lane with her blinker on to turn left. Many cars were coming out of the theater and not letting her enter the parking lot. I turned to Heidi and told her, "Heidi scoot up a lil’ bit so you have a chance to get in." "Ok," replied Heidi. Just then I turned to the right and looked at the people doing clean-ups at Creve Coeur Waterway. Heidi was still waiting for her turn. All of a sudden we hear and feel a huge thud. All at once the air bags flew out and the car jumped into the other lane. As soon as we realized what happened we jumped out of the car. Being that I was so shocked and freaked out I forgot that Tanya was in the back seat. I let her out quickly and then all I could hear after that was Heidi screaming. "OH MY GOD! OH MY GOD! OH MY GOD!" "What the heck happened," I said. "Look at my car! Look at what they did to my car! You are going to pay for this" Heidi shouted. I turned to look at Tanya and she had just dialed the police with her cell phone. Everything had happened so fast. Within a few minutes the cop showed up. Heidi was still screaming and then she called her mom. Just then Tanya and I called our parents to let them know what happened and that we were ok.

Impact of looming oil crisis on global trade

Impact of looming oil crisis on global trade The availability of OLL Is taken for granted every day by businesses, governments and individuals alike. However, an oil crisis Is looming and could feasibly hit at any point. This brings back memories of the oil shortages during the asses, which had a major impact on the economic growth, particularly In major Industrial countries such as united States. During the 1973 oil crisis – an embargo initiated by the Organization of PetroleumExporting Countries (OPEC) to protest against some of the American trade practices. As a result of this embargo, the price of oil increased by 300%, causing widespread oil shortages and in some cases forcing petrol stations to close. Experts have warned that similar crisis may be Imminent, with Western countries' presence In the middle east causing friction with some of the countries who are members of OPEC. 011 prices have been Increased In many areas in an attempt to reduce consumption levels and prot ect our natural resources.However, research has indicated that despite these measures the consumption of 011 continues to Increase, with an estimated 89 million barrels of oil being used globally every day. Should a crisis like this hit, the effect on the global economy will be huge – importing materials and goods has become an essential practice for larger organizations, but any increase in oil price would dramatically increase the transportation costs of importing and exporting.As a result, companies would need to either seek cheaper alternatives, or more likely raise the cost of their end product, something which will slow the growth of the economy and prolong the recession. Travel has become a major source of expenditure for large firms, with employees often flying to business meetings Internationally as well as domestically. Budget airlines' turnover has grown throughout the recession as a result of the increase in business travel, however any increase in the cost of oil would force these airlines to pass the costs onto their customers in the form of increased air fares.In the event of another oil crisis, businesses which currently have large travel expenses would suddenly find themselves with vastly increased overheads, and have a sudden need to explore cheaper alternatives which may not suit their business plan. Transportation is by far the biggest cause of oil consumption, with this sector estimated to account for more than half of all consumption worldwide, and more than two thirds of consumption within the US.As well as Increased transportation costs, the costs of operating machinery would also Increase during an OLL crisis, leading to Increases In the cost of many essential items, including foodstuffs. As with the rising cost of transportation, any increase in Experts are unsure when another oil crisis might hit, but most experts agree that a crisis of some sort is likely to occur soon. While the exact effect it will have on the world economy can't be accurately predicted, there is no doubt that businesses of all sizes will need to adapt very quickly to continue trading.

Academic excellence guarantee successful life Essay

Nowadays academic excellence among the young is given much importance. While it is perfectly acceptable to strive to achieve good academic results, the notion that only academic excellence guarantees a successful life is not true. Students are pressured into taking more subjects than they can handle and this causes immense pressure among our young. The question is can this endeavour absolutely confirm a dynamic future? I disagree that academic excellence guarantee our successful life. This is because without academic excellence, people still can success in their life. With business also human can success. For example Bill Gates is the first founder of Microsoft in operating system computer. With create of the Microsoft computer and sell it he can become a successful businessman. Besides that, people can success with through use their talent that they have. For example, Dato’ Siti Nurhaliza our first singer in Malaysia become success with only use her talent without have academic excellence. From nothing, become popular and success as we know and see now. Besides as a singer, she also have own company. She also be the ambassador of beauty product. Finally, someone also can successful in life without high education through family background. For example someone that born of wealth families, that have own company. Without excellence academic around this line of business can still succeed as long as they can in good governance. Through family-owned business also someone still can success in their life. Overall, not necessarily without academic excellence a person can’t success in their life. That has other way someone can success without academic excellence such as through talent,business or with background family.

Fundamental Analysis of Automobile Sector

GROUP-15, FINANCE-II By analyzing the industry on various parameters with the help of implementing Fundamental and Technical tools we came to know that this industry has a lot of potential to grow in future. So recommending to invest in Automobile Industry have no doubt is going to be a good and smart option because this industry is booming like never before not only in India but all around the world. The returns which came out of this industry were very impressive recently, as if we take an example of TATA motors it gives approx 90% return in a period of just 3 months while Maruti Suzuki shows always a buy and hold position because there is possibility of growth in future, same situation is in two wheeler segment with market leader Hero-Honda a debt free company also have bright future ahead. The numbers which came out in the end of financial year 2009 prove that even in the period of recession the overall sales went up is sufficient to support to this fact. Through Technical analysis of TATA Motors and Maruti it can be recommended that for now Maruti share price shows that it’s a time to hold the position or buy more shares as there is scope in further rise in share prices until and unless any negative reaction or sentiments comes in the Economy. Investing in Maruti Suzuki for long time could be a good option whereas in TATA motors there is a chance of getting correction, as it already went on high side in a very short period of time so holding the shares for long time could be a wrong step, so at this point of time those who invested earlier can book their profit or new

The Structuralism Theory of Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Structuralism Theory of Culture - Essay Example Roland Barthes was responsible for explaining the concept of myth as it contributed to the structuralist theory. He came up with the â€Å"Myth Today† concept whereby it defines myth as a category of speech. According to him, myth is not just any type of speech but also a means by which people use to communicate. The myth is a message that is sent to a particular group of people. According to the study, therefore, a myth cannot be perceived as an object, idea or concept but rather form and way of signification. For this reason, it is illusionary to discriminate other people’s myths. This, therefore, shows that there is no primitive, better or poor culture. It is important to note that anything can be considered to be a myth as it is a speech but depending on how it is conveyed. The strength of the myth is how it is conveyed thus cannot be defined as an object. Everything in this world is open to any suggestions from the society this is so because no laws exist in forbid ding anyone to talk about things (John, 2002, pp.234-240). Objects can be used to come up with some mythical statements. The difference is that some objects are used for a while, others are not used at all and others are used for a very long time. A myth can be formed can survive for some time and be forgotten as the mythical objects keep changing. The concept of myth is founded on history as it existed from a very long time. For this reason, the concept of myth has not evolved over the years.  ... The difference is that some objects are used for a while, others are not used at all and others are used for a very long time. A myth can be formed can survive for sometime and be forgotten as the mythical objects keep changing. The concept of myth is founded on history as it existed from a very long time. For this reason, the concept of myth has not evolved over the years. Myths generally exit orally though they can be in writings. Since they have a historical foundations, most of them are passed orally and rarely in writings. Today, myths can be supported through sport events, cinemas, publicity, shows and photographs. It is important to note that a myth it is impossible to define a myth by its material or object because of their arbitrary meanings. For example, interpreting a diagram or a picture depends on the consciousness of an individual. This makes it very hard to grasp the concept behind a myth. Thus myths use materials that can be understood easily. It is evident that peopl e will prefer pictures than writings as they are more attractive to view than reading. More so, pictures can help individuals to immediately give meaning without any dilutions. The materials are simply used to ease communication as myths generally aim at sending various messages to people. As people give meaning to the pictures, they therefore turn in to meanings given through writings (John, 2002, pp.234-240). The concept and form of myth Mythology is a very ambiguous concept because sometimes it gives full meaning when in a particular situation but sometimes it is empty when one is faced with the same situation. It contributes to language as it involves individuals giving meaning whereby there is use of the sensory organ. One has to use the eyes to look at a

Contemporary issues review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Contemporary issues review - Essay Example Human capital cannot be owed by an organization because it is inherent in people, hence when people leave organizations, human capital leaves too. It encompasses how organization utilizes its people resources effectively as measured by innovation and creativity; structural capital, this is the supportive processes, infrastructure and organization’s databases which enhances the functionality of human capital. Structural capital may include hardware, buildings, software, patents, processes, information system, organization’s image, proprietary databases, and trademarks. Structural capital can also be classified into process, organization, and innovation capital. Intellectual properties are protected by trademarks and copyrights. Intangible assets include all other theory and talents through which an organization is run; and relational capital, which consists of supplier and customer relationships, trade names and trademarks, franchises, and licenses (Tayles et al., 2007). The perception that customer capital is distinct from structural and human capital shows its central importance to the worth of an organization. Even though intellectual capital may be similar to tangible assets in its potential to generate future cash flow, it is different radically from tangible capital in various respects: intellectual assets are not rival assets. Intellectual assets can be multiplexed unlike tangible assets that can only do one thing at a time; relational capital and human capital cannot be owned and are shared with suppliers, customers and employees. It therefore demands careful nurturing in order to grow; structural capital on the other hand can be owned and is often controlled by the management. It cannot be easily traded however, since there is not market in existence for that purpose; structural capital can be substituted with expensive expenditure on capital in the form of real time inventory control systems and just in time process of procurement; firms leveraging their intellectual capital to perform their knowledge work generate higher profit margin compared to those firms who offer mass produces solutions; and structural, human and relational capital usually work together in order to give rise to core competencies in judicious combinations that assume strategic significance. Therefore, it is not totally enough to invest in people, customers and systems separately, that produce end value in combinations. Intellectual capital is measured in order to help organizations in formulating their strategy, assisting in the diversification and expansion of the decisions of the firm, evaluating the execution of the strategy, communicating with external shareholders, and as a foundation for compensation management (Gowthorpe, 2009). Summarily, intellectual capital is the sum total of a firm’s structural capital, human capital and relational capital. They distinguish firms’ performance from one another and form a source of disti nct competitive advantage. Sustainability and accounting Accounting for sustainability entails linking initiatives of sustainability to company strategy, opportunities and evaluating risks, accounting and performance management skills, and providing measurement in order to ensure that sustainability is rooted into daily operations of the company. Sustainability a

Creole linguistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Creole linguistics - Essay Example One of the problems of definition stems from the way in which the languages are classified. Varieties such as Eskimo pidgin lack some of the structures and linguistic patterns of other types of pidgins. Creole now includes a larger number of languages than before. Questions have arisen as to which groups of languages be classified as creoles or pidgins. Considerations have also been given to breaking down both languages into sub groups and sub types. One should also pay attention to the proximity to the source language. There is also the issue of the varying degrees of creoles as spoken in some Caribbean states, for example. The question as to what extent socio cultural and socio historical factors play in the development of the languages should also be considered. Mufwene argued that the term pidgins and creoles were loosely used by European settlers and thus does not satisfy the criteria to be called languages because of the lack of certain linguistic features. He limits the term creole to those former pidgin languages in parts of the Pacific and West Africa. Thompson another writer examined the languages in terms of their historical natures. Her distinction of creoles and pidgins from bilingual mixed languages is based on social, historical, and linguistic aspects. Her claim also presents conflict especially when one looks at languages such as Tok Pisin. Both writers agreed on the difficulty faced in categorising every language. Conflicts have also arisen in determining the nature of processes of pidgin and creoles as they relate to each other. Historically both languages have been reflective of each other. Some writers, however, view both languages as being different from each other in view of their developmental processes. Others argue that they are independent of each other in terms of formation and use. Some scholars also look at the role children and adult played in the development of both languages. They argue that the morphology and

Black Americans Supported the Confederate Army Essay

Black Americans Supported the Confederate Army - Essay Example This section uses primary books and articles to explore the Black Americans’ support of the Confederate Army. America’s history of civil war is to a large part built by the African-Americans, who to a large extent were involved in the war. The Commonwealth Virginia, based on slavery, the black Americans featured a lot in the civil wars. Some of them were recruited into the Confederate army, pushing their counterparts to support the Confederate army. The black-Americans were inspired by the civil wars, an event that led to their deaths, such as that of Heyward Shepherd, in the civil wars. It is worth noting that the black-Americans involvement in the war and support of the Confederate Army was a way of seeking liberation1. The attacks carried out by the black-Americans in the army were for liberation, which they were very much determined to achieve. Heyward’s death in the liberation attacks was highly honored by the other Negroes. He was honored as a hero, and a monument erected in his honor by the sons of the Confederate and the daughters of the Confederacy2. The other reason for the Black-Americans’ support of the Confederate army was out of their working relationship with the military. A few of the Black-Americans worked in the army. They mainly worked as cooks, general labors, and teamsters. This drove the other large population, not in the army to support their fellow Negros working in the Confederate Army. They were concerned about each other’s welfare and had all the right intentions for their fellow black people.3   Right from the beginning, black men were allowed into the Confederate Army. They served in the Confederate Army with dedication so as to protect their families and communities.4   The civil war, however, weakened the lives of the Black-Americans in various ways.  

U.S. manned spaceflight proram Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

U.S. manned spaceflight proram - Essay Example Space travels have now become an integral part of the exploration programs in the outer world. These travels are undertaken with the stated objectives of carrying out researches and scientific studies. During the cold war era, when both USSR and USA were busy in upstaging each other's maneuvers the spaceflight program got a big boost.Both countries used to suspect each other's motives and tried to be the first with the latest technology to spy from the outer world. All this, no doubt, enriched the space exploration program, but it came at a huge cost attached to it. This led to severe criticism of such a program and questions were being raised on the utility of such a program. With the disintegration of USSR into many smaller nations the race has come to a halt and now we have only one super-power, but the space program continues. It not only has strategic importance, but there are vast possibilities for the scientific community to know the nature, the environment, the surroundings o f the earth etc. It appears little far fetched, but to explore the possibilities of life in the outer space will also be known only when we continue with the space exploration program. It is indeed capital intensive, and the outcome cannot be quantified in general terms, but it is also a fact that not every nation can afford to have such an ability to spend on exploring the outer world. Colino (1987) contends that when reviewing the space exploration program of U.S. a perceptible change in the policy is quite apparent. 'While in the 1960s and 1970s, U.S. space policy focused on given objectives ranging from national security, to Cold War competition with the Soviet Union, to the belief that exploration of space for learning, knowledge and, perhaps simply, "because it's there" were worthy goals per se. These clearly stated objectives fueled the most successful American space initiatives, many of which were conducted directly, openly, and, in some areas, with extensive international c ooperation.' Now the international community too is actively cooperating with America in the different forms to understand the intricacies of outer space. The financial aspect is of course looked mainly from the American pocket, and that is quite understandable as well. We cannot expect the countries like the third world nations, showing active interest in the space exploration program, to finance such projects. In fact from strategic point of view an international partnership in such projects gives scope for a better understanding amongst nations, which in turn helps in lessening the political rivalry and brings up the mutual trust, a prerequisite for world peace. Manned spaceflight provides more room for exploring the potentials of outer world, studying and analyzing the extraterrestrial activities etc. Manned spaceflights no doubt puts the life of the individual/s on great risk, but it is worthwhile here to mention that with the help of unmanned spaceflights we can only have a limited success in such explorations. Russian space traveler Yuri Garagin was the first one to go up there in 1961, but now American adventures have gone many steps ahead of Russia, thanks to the consistent efforts from the respective US governments. Mr. Steven Weinberg has been questioning the motives and utility of such space programs. The International Space Station (ISS) program in particular has come in the firing line, for not producing scientific results commensurate with the kind of investments (Prechtl and Whitesides, 2007). But, such are the risks with the scientific programs whatsoever. The research community is busy looking out a cure for AIDS, but so far they've not been able to come out with any credible cure for the disease.

Media and Entertainment Essay Example for Free

Media and Entertainment Essay The importance and popularity of media is ever growing. Media has become indispensible in everyday life, be it personal life or business, trade or work. Conventional media like cinema, television, radio and print are modifying themselves to play their roles effectively in the current market. Technological innovations and discovery of new media like cable television, Direct To Home (DTH), Mobile Technology, Internet Podcasting and FM Radio Channels have created immense competition in the entertainment and media field. Video games and portable audio – video devices have intensified the competition. Entry of foreign TV broadcasts, 24*7 broadcasting and the exponential growth of new media call for impressive content creation for catering to every segment of the population. The escalating economic growth in India with a remarkable percentage of youth in the population who have high earning capacity and more disposable incomes and the upwardly mobile middleclass make the entertainment and media sector more promising and demanding. Profile of the current youth with lesser attention span and the easy availability of affordable entertainment have created the challenges of attracting and retaining audience and clients. Multiplex cultures, variety of entertainment choices available, profitability and potential of space-selling in media houses, embedded advertising, marriage of animation and visual technologies are all signs of the advanced state of development in media and entertainment. New Technologies and the high costs involved in production and distribution of media content have justified corporate entry into cinema production and ntertainment production. This has given â€Å"Industry Status† to this field. This paper recognises the status of entertainment and media as a powerful service sector and highlights the need for adopting unique content creation and marketing strategies for enriching and enhancing the experience of the audience and clients. Moreover, the paper identifies the potential of these services that could be exploited for the benefit of the customers as well as to promise high returns for the Investors and Media and Entertainment houses. Content Creation and Entertainment Quotient in the current Media Scenario Introduction: â€Å"And in my opinion, entertainment in its broadest sense has become a necessity rather than a luxury in the life†¦ † -Walt Disney The very purpose of human life boils down to fulfilling the humane needs which include both physical and psychological needs. Media and Entertainment is the field that caters to the psychological or cognitive needs of the media customers. The importance and popularity of media is ever growing. Media has become indispensible in everyday life, be it personal life or business, trade or work. The Media and Entertainment industry consists of the creation, aggregation and distribution of content, products and services, news and information, advertising and entertainment through various channels and platforms. Conventional media like cinema, television, radio and print are modifying themselves to play their roles effectively in the current market. Technological innovations and discovery of new media like cable television, Direct To Home (DTH), Mobile Technology, Internet Podcasting and FM Radio Channels have created immense competition in the entertainment and media field. Video games and portable audio – video devices have intensified the competition. Entry of foreign TV broadcasts, 24*7 broadcasting and the exponential growth of new media calls for impressive content creation for catering to every segment of the population. The Indian Entertainment and Media (EM) industry has outperformed the Indian economy and is one of the fastest growing sectors in India. However, the future of this industry depends largely on the growth of Indian Economy. The Indian Economy is growing at a fast rate, with increased personal income of people who are spending more on their entertainment and leisure activities. Media and Entertainment Customers: Media and entertainment customers have no inhibitions to switch over their sources of entertainment and information, if they feel that their current entertainment provider does not stand up to the mark. Winning customer confidence and support becomes all the more crucial for this industry which could create deeper impressions and have greater impact on the inerasable minds of the customers. Radio, Television, Internet, Print, Movie, Music, Novels and News Media should live up to the fantasy, expectations and requirements of the viewing, listening and reading masses, who seek these media to fulfil their individualistic needs, based on their specific lifestyles, backgrounds and mood swings. The escalating economic growth in India along with a remarkable percentage of youth in the population who have high earning capacity and more disposable incomes and the upwardly mobile middleclass make the entertainment and media industry more promising and the demand for entertainment is going to steadily see an upward trend. Profile of the current youth with lesser attention span and the easy availability of affordable entertainment have created the challenges of attracting and retaining audiences and clients. Success totally depends on how original, quick and entertaining the content offered by these media is comparatively less. In media and entertainment, only the content that provides the highest degree of gratification can win over the media customers. Media Content and Entertainment Quotient: In media production and publishing, content refers to information and experiences that may provide value for an end-user or audience. Content may be delivered via any medium such as the internet, television, audio CDs, cinema, newspapers and magazines as well as live events such as conferences, stage performances and interactive audio video platforms. â€Å"Content† is the word used to identify and quantify various formats and genres of information as manageable value-adding components of media. Entertainment Quotient is the degree of gratification the customers receive or experience through the content provided by Media. Better the quality of content provided, higher will be the degree of gratification experienced. Hence, media content and entertainment quotient are directly related to each other. Media Production and delivery technology potentially enhances the value of content by formatting, filtering and combining original sources of content for new audience with new contexts. Media must understand its responsibility to spread optimism and hope in all aspects of life, especially during times of natural disasters like floods, tsunami, earth-quakes or man-made disasters like terrorist attacks, economic meltdowns, political crisis or any such critical situation apart from its vital role in offering information, education and entertainment. It is very essential for media to realize that its content on such events are just not a focus on the problems, but on the possible ways for prohibition, prevention and rescue. The fact that media can and should make such shift is reflective of its evolution globally. Content provided by media should be of value, relevance and provide entertainment to the ultimate customers. Contemporary Role of Media and Entertainment: Media is changing from being an informer to being a companion. Right from children to elders, people of all ages and classes have something to look for in all the media. All have started looking at media, be it the television, radio, newspaper or the internet as a source of not only entertainment, but also as a source of knowledge and exposure. Media have got themselves into the roles of friend, philosopher and guide and recently as an activist. This being the status, there is a vital need for the highest quality of the content that are provided by these media to be at par with the expectations of all segments of audience and provide high entertainment quotient to them. In many areas, media content is already playing a very active role in providing prescriptions to consumers. From being just a provider of news, the media today is a source of knowledge and offers forums of interaction where consumers can seek advice on health, beauty, home care, decor, travel etc. All these play a major role for their life style changes, and hence we have a majority of the people following a commonly seen style and changed culture. The viewer becomes the consumer who modifies his or her life to go with the characters portrayed by them. Audio-visual medium do have a salutary impact on the knowledge, attitude and acceptance of the viewers. Media do influence people as much as home, neighbourhood, peers in school / college / office etc. The Media and Entertainment industry is moving from the well known status of Mass Media to Mass-personal Media. Future of Indian Media and Entertainment Industry: The FM radio sector was opened up for foreign investment with 20 percent FDI being allowed. As a result the radio sector is expanding rapidly with forecasted growth rates of 32 percent per annum. In the print media segment, 100 percent FDI is now allowed for non-news publications and 26 percent FDI is allowed for news publications. Internet advertising is expected to go up from one percent to three percent of the total Media and Entertainment revenues by 2014. Music and Gaming are expected to grow at 32 percent in the next five years. With multiplex culture, watching film has become a status symbol. Television is witnessing a steady in growth and is likely to go further in future. Indian Television market is likely to grow at an average annual rate of 16% to reach 46,922 crore rupees by 2012. The historical data and the current trend in media industry imply a definite surge of demand and healthier competition in the days to come. Exciting new developments in the technologies used in this industry are taking place. Animation, Multiplexes, new distribution channels and the use of Internet are redefining the entertainment industry. All these factors will favour further growth of this industry in India. India is poised to enter the period of immense growth in this industry. Strategies for Success in Media and Entertainment Industry: The Mantra for attracting and retaining audience for all media is â€Å"provide quality content and increase the entertainment quotient†. Updated, contemporary, relevant, creative and informative content can take the media a long way. This is the basis for establishing, surviving, growing and conquering in the dynamic media industry. Competition is high and tough. The sources available for entertainment and information are many and easily accessible. This being the status, â€Å"survival of the fittest, fastest and the most creative† is the lifeline of media content at present. The challenge for communicators and marketers is to create and identify opportunities that can make the content all the more impressive. Today more and more battles are not as much for market share as for a share of the consumers’ wallet. Media consumers are very vulnerable and prone to be poached by more innovative and consistent content providers. Media products, being intangible can have only cognitive and psychological impact on their consumer. Hence, it becomes more important to provide high quality content which is much better than the competitors’ and thus ensure high entertainment quotient, which is the ultimate aim of any entertainment content. This in turn will aid in attracting, maintaining and enhancing the audience for the particular media. Further, this will ensure the growth potential of the media. Media are not averse to content tie-ups to create media multiplier effect by increasing the touch points. Media observers agree that cross-media tie-ups have become a compulsion, rather than a choice. Thus, convergence of media has become indispensible and is the most plausible route for reaching out to more audience or end-users. Mobile telephones, 3G wireless services, DTH (Direct To Home television), HDTV (High-Definition Television) and the Web, all require content to be converted to multiple formats in order to be offered to a multitude of consumers from various national, cultural, economic and social backgrounds. Media companies agree that tie-ups are not a cost-saving mechanism, rather, it is more about expanding the visibility and pooling the strengths of the two mediums. The content synergy assures prospective audience. There has also been a change in the mindset of publications, be it in print or internet or television. They have realized the importance of providing news and information to the audience, without worrying about the source. Earlier, media houses would stress exclusive reportage. Now, they are willing to give due credit to the source publication as well as the journalist. This is a welcome transition, since it is an optimistic way to reach out to the dedicated and loyal audience who seek out entertainment and information only from certain specific media which they prefer. Stereotyped, mundane and pessimistic content are likely to reduce the entertainment quotient apart from having negative impact on the audience. Ultimately, customers carry along only experiences and memories and satisfaction along with them when they make use of any media for entertainment or information. Only carefully crafted content can enhance these experiences, satisfaction levels and entertainment quotient of media consumers. Conventional cinema and television media had been providing slow paced, socially relevant content to target audience comprising of all economic strata. The amounts of money and marketing involved were small and the industry had been more of monopolistic. The scenario now is entirely different with resurgence of widescreen, stereo, surround sound and digital cinema becoming better and affordable by all. Currently, big production budgets and expensive equipments are being used as the recipe for creating quality entertainment, capable of reaching millions of audience. Especially in India, the entry of Hollywood films has created intense competitions and also has enhanced and diversified the expectations of the local viewers. Dubbing and releasing of Hollywood and other foreign movies in vernacular languages has intensified the entertainment quotient sought by the consumers. The degree of challenges in newer technology adoption, costs and risks involved are higher as far as cinema and television are concerned. Television content production venture is top venture in the media world.