Trade Liberalization And Socio Economic Development Essay

TRADE LIBERALIZATION AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA; 1999-2010 BY Ugwoke, Obiora Francis Department of Political Administrative Studies University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria And Okechukwu S. Amadi Department of Political Administrative Studies University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria Abstract This paper sought to evaluate the concept of Trade Liberalization and Development in Nigeria especially from 1999 to 2010. It was discovered that Trade liberalization theory is a branch of international trade as popularized by Adam Smith, which promotes free trade between states. It stipulates that free trade will lead to an increase the wealth on nations. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the role of trade liberalization in the economic development of Nigeria. The study was carried out using the world systems theory, which believes that there is a world economic system in which some countries benefit while others are exploited. Secondary sources of data were used in the study. Our findings however reveal that trade liberalization quite contrary to what its proponents have postulated has not resulted to any economic growth in Nigeria. From the data we have presented it has been shown that Nigerian economy was doing relatively well in the 1960s, but started declining when she started opening up her economy to the outside world buying all manners of goods from theShow MoreRelatedEconomic Growth and Development1547 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH Economic development and growth may not be the same thing depending on how growth rate is affecting the countrys socio-economic development. However important and well known theories of macro-economic suggest that if markets are left on their own, people will improve their socio-economic wellbeing automatically as the result of better economic growth rate of the country. In other words, financial liberalization automatically leads to socio-economic uplift as suggestedRead MoreGlobal Market Liberalisation : Globalization1117 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal Market Liberalization The word globalization can be defined in many ways. It involves a change in economic status, political status, economy, and international intervening, including trade. Global trade has been on the increase and has expanded over time. Trade helps in decreasing poverty levels and providing others with what they need. The growth of world trade has averaged 6 percent per year, over the past 20 years. That is twice as fast as the output in the world. The definition ofRead MoreGlobalization Process, Free International Trade1789 Words   |  8 Pagesinternational trade has over 100 years in the development history (Lawal 2006; Ocampo Martin 2003). At the first stage, free trade was happened within the North and South America countries, then together with the development of the world economy, trade liberalization has expanded to almost areas of the world (Ocampo Martin 2003). The most expansive and extensive period of trade liberalization is from the second half of the twentieth century to present. In this period, trade liberalization, with supportRead MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On Socio Economy1701 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization and its Impact on Socio-Economy in India Dr. Mahendra Singh Associate Professor Department of Sociology Madhav University, Pindwara (Rajasthan) Abstract: Globalization was adopted by Indian Government during 1990-91 when Indian Economy was in a very bad shape. It was, however, adopted not as a solution to deteriorating Indian economy but to enable itself to get further foreign exchange loans from World Bank as its foreign exchange reserves were reduced to mere 3 weeks outflow. 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High fat diets and western eating habits were restricted to rich industrialised nations with higher Gross National Product levels (GNP). The consumption of animal products high in fat and proteinRead MoreWhy The Economic Liberalization Is Regarded As A Second Step Towards Facilitating Globalization1478 Words   |  6 Pagesimport restrictions on sourcing finance or other factors from abroad, foreign investments etc...That is why the economic liberalization is regarded as a first step towards facilitating globalization . Government interference is a hindrance to globalization, government support can encourage globalization. Government support may take the form of policy and procedural reforms, development of common facilities like infrastructural facilities. Resources often decide the ability of a firm to globalizeRead MoreBenefits Of International Trade1216 Words   |  5 Pagescompetitiveness III. 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There are so many critics delivered during the inward looking development implementationRead MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On Pakistan s Economy978 Words   |  4 Pages Semester: 6 Major: Economics Introduction: Globalisation is the process of international unification that arises from the exchange of world views, ideas, products and some other features of culture. The term of globalization has been increasingly used since 1980s and especially the mid-1990s.In 2000 IMF introduced four basic aspects of Globalization which are trade transactions, migration of people, capital and investment movements and distribution

New Placement Of The Piaget Profile - 2873 Words

New placement of the Piaget profile This profile of Jean Piaget should be placed in the functionalism psychology portion of the book due to the focus on children that Piaget took and the cognitive behavioral approach that he primarily studied. The developments he made were primarily used to the early and middle childhood education and he worked to understand children behavior and the learning process. Introduction: Jean Piaget was a great mind and contributed copious amount of knowledge and expertise to psychology as a whole, changing the world using children as a primary focus. He founded a study referred to as genetic epistemology, which consisted of his theory of cognitive development and epistemologist view. He believed that children were the future and focused extensively on understand their cognitive development, which he was able to able to the education system. He once said, â€Å"Only education is capable of saving our societies from possible collapse, whether violent, or gradual.† (Piaget, Munari, 2000) and he stood by that claim until the end. Piaget is known all over the world and he work is still used in many fields including psychology, sociology, education, epistemology, economics and law. Personal information and Career Jean Piaget was born in Neuchà ¢tel, Switzerland on August 9, 1896 (Boeree, 2006). Arthur Piaget, his father, was a professor of medieval literature at the University of Neuchà ¢tel and his mother, Rebecca Jackson, was intelligent andShow MoreRelated‘It Is Important to Plan to Meet the Care and Learning Needs of All Children’5310 Words   |  22 Pageson around the setting children will benefit greatly so it is important to plan how many adults/staff should be present for a particular day/activity, by doing so there is a higher chance of meeting all of the children’s needs. For example, in my placement I am in a Primary 1 class where there is a teacher and a classroom assistant. For this age range of children the extra support is extremely important as the children’s care and learning needs are higher than that of a Primary 7 child i.e. toiletingRead MoreProfessional Development : A Teacher s Recognition Of Individual Learning Styles1960 Words   |   8 Pagesfrom their research. Ivan Pavlov and John Watson both researched and developed the theory known as classical conditioning. Classical conditioning is a behaviour generated through association of two stimuli, certain responses to these stimuli create a new behaviour (McLeod, 2014). Firstly Pavlov (1927) conducted an experiment on a dog in which he discovered that his natural physiological response when presented with food was to salivate. Through further training Pavlov realised that he could conditionRead MoreTeaching Struggling Adolescent Readers4531 Words   |  19 Pageswith reading.   Direct/explicit instruction in reading that involves active reading is one way to enable them to actively comprehend what they read.   As previously stated by Rupley et al., (2009) direct/explicit instruction is when the teacher provides new information to struggling adolescent readers through meaningful student-teacher interactions. Explanations are explicit, as modeling and/or demonstration lead to guided practic e. According to Pitcher et al., (2007) the closer that literacy activitiesRead MoreLevel 2 Childrens Care and Education Unit 55752 Words   |  24 Pagesalthough bearing in mind not all children develop at the same rate, the developmental norms will just give an indication of where they should be developmentally, many theorists have theories regarding development one of these theorists is Jean Piaget ‘Theorist Jean Piaget suggested that children think differently than adults and proposed a stage theory of cognitive development. He was the first to note that children play an active role in gaining knowledge of the world. According to his theory, childrenRead More Preparation for Mentorship and Assessing Essays7780 Words   |  32 Pagesvariety of sources including recommendations made by the government in Making a Difference (Department of Health (DoH), 1999) and the emphasis on Fitness for Practice by the United Kingdom Central Council (1999). More recently, the Placements in Focus document stressed that the environment should provide an area in which students can experience good quality care and treatment of patients (DoH, 2001). It is recognized that clinical staff exercise a major influence onRead MoreUnit 2- Development from Conception to Age 16 Years3144 Words   |  13 Pagesobservational learning which is simply learning from observing the actions of others. He believed that once someone had witnessed anothers behaviour, they may be inclined to adopt this behaviour as their own, ultimately building it into their personality profile. Parents who raise children in a caring, supportive environment can certainly contribute to their childrens abilities to develop good self-esteem, enabling the children to better deal with outside situations and influences that they are sure to encounterRead MoreEarly Years Education10897 Words   |  44 Pagesthe conditions that lead to such deficits are strongly influences by genetics. The Role of Learning Learning is the main process by which children acquire behaviour and understanding from the environment. Children learn in various ways and acquire new ways in learning, as they get older. Learning probably contributes more to human development has it does in any other species. This has enabled humans to adapt to living in environments and conditions that are far different from those present duringRead MoreEarly Years Education10882 Words   |  44 Pagesconditions that lead to such deficits are strongly influences by genetics. The Role of Learning Learning is the main process by which children acquire behaviour and understanding from the environment. Children learn in various ways and acquire new ways in learning, as they get older. Learning probably contributes more to human development has it does in any other species. This has enabled humans to adapt to living in environments and conditions that are far different from those present duringRead MoreHealth: Sociology and Social Care9095 Words   |  37 Pagespeople. Learners will gain an understanding of the use of information and communication technology as a tool in health and social care settings. Learners should note that any direct investigation of communication in health and social care placements or employment should be within the context of a job role. Due regard should be given to the confidentiality of information if used to support assessment evidence for this unit. INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES On successful completion of this unitRead MoreCurrent Issues and Trends in Assessment in Early Childhood Education6428 Words   |  26 PagesCurrent Issues and Trends in Assessment in Early Childhood Education The 1980s brought a new reform movement in education, accompanied by a new emphasis on testing. The effort to improve education at all levels included the use of standardized tests to provide accountability for what students are learning. Minimum competency tests, achievement tests, and screening instruments were used to ensure that students from preschool through college reached the desired educational goals and achieved the minimum

Debate on Columbus Day free essay sample

Columbus Day to no longer be a holiday would be turning a blind eye to a difficult history, yet still turning that eye away from a history with a side to be celebrated. I instead ask of you to celebrate Columbus Day, learn the full history, including the wrong doings of Columbus and his crew, and celebrate the good change brought about by this event that ultimately led to the lifestyle you lead today. If the wrongs of every event in history were to be scrutinized would we have a history left to celebrate? Think of the reasons why we celebrate a moment in history, and then think why we have not excluded that from our celebrations. I believe it is to celebrate the good times and the bad and to never forget why we are here in this specific moment. In 1892 President Benjamin Harris made a commemorative proclamation to celebrate Columbus’ voyage to America. We will write a custom essay sample on Debate on Columbus Day or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Though I was not there, I would like to believe the reason he made this proclamation was to celebrate the event that led to his life and prosperity in a country that may not have existed without that voyage. Let us keep Columbus Day, celebrate the good and remember the bad, never to make those mistakes in the future. Learn from Columbus day and get a day off from school or work to reflect. When looking at the date October 12th Columbus Day, Americans tend to remember the history they were taught as children. Once Americans move into higher education they find the shocking truth that lies behind the half-truth they previously knew. Columbus was a reckless and callous man who had a crew who was just as in the wrong as their leader. There is controversy over the details but in large this man in history paved the way for Europeans to settle in America. There are many reasons why we should celebrate Columbus day and keep it as such. We celebrate days that have far worse histories in my eyes than the history of Columbus Day. Take D-day or the holocaust or Halloween for example, these event have negative connotations but powerful history behind them. We as a society should celebrate our progress forward and not always look at the negative behind things we celebrate. Even when we look at something in a holiday that isn’t negative, like the Christmas tree, which there aren’t conifers in Jerusalem, it shows how much our holidays can be skewed from a tradition which was originally practiced. Even the other holidays honoring great men can have a darker side. MLK day for example; Martin Luther King, or Michael Luther King, was under scrutiny because his doctorate had blatant plagiarism, also his â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech was plagiarized from a pastor from his church he attended. This shows that history and the light we view people in can be skewed to retain the honor or the pomp and circumstance that comes with remembering the good brought about by their achievements. Beyond the fact that Columbus was not the first person to discover the Americas, he was the man that brought about European civilization to America and their fascination with conquering a new world. His wrong doings, which include, letting his crew rape, pillage and plunder the Bahamas, should not outweigh the good that coming to America brought for us as Americans who, without European influence may not have progressed quite as far or in the circumstances we did. As with the Colombian exchange that was brought about by Columbus’ venture to the Americas it is a box of good and evil. With the disease and captured indigenous people, the Columbian Exchange brought a trade of new plants and animals and ideas to further European civilization. The indigenous people were not completely put out, though unfairly treated. They received goods and horses in exchange. I wish I could put more evidence toward the good treatment of the indigenous American people but I cannot, because there was so much mistreatment. Along with the Columbian Exchange other important events and discoveries were made. Many nautical advances were made as a result of Columbus’ journeys being so widely publicized. The way goods were traded and their inspection procedures advanced significantly during this time. It is difficult to say, but the advancement of one culture significantly can be beneficial for all people when applied over a long span of time. Even good things have come from the celebration of Columbus Day throughout the centuries. The Pledge of Allegiance, which is laced with meaning and patriotism was prepared for a Columbus Day celebration. The District of Columbia was named after this man. Numerous celebrations have happened because of the good this man has accomplished. Not focusing on the negative helps keep pride in ones upbringing and creates a positive environment to learn in. Why change Columbus Day? I will agree this man is undeserving of the overlook history has put on him because of the great things he accomplished. But if not for him, would there have been another to take his place so soon? Would another more benevolent man come through and accomplished for the European world, what Columbus accomplished? If we look deep and try to analyze the true meaning behind Columbus Day and celebrate the true reasons we can be thankful it has happened this way, I feel Columbus Day should stay a holiday and the day should be remembered as best as history can produce.

Pathophysiology Of Cancer Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Pathophysiology Of Cancer. Answer: Succinctly discuss the pathophysiology of cancer: Tumors in general Pathophysiology refers to the changes that occur in an organ resulting into signs and symptoms which alter daily activities of living. Cancer refers to the uncontrolled growth of cells within an organ, which can result in metastasis or remain benign; which depends on the aggressiveness of the cancer. Role of oncogenes, apoptosis, ell cycle and tumor suppressor gene Cancers are caused by oncogenes which are products of mutation and are expressed in increased levels. Apoptosis is a mechanism which gets rid of altered cells during the cell cycle and normal aged cells which have served their purposes, an alteration during this process which likely results from oncogenes, then the cells destined for destruction survive the process, and they are allowed to replicate and multiply causing disruption to the normal physiologic process eventually causing cancer (Baar. M, 2017) Another factor responsible for the development of cancer is the tumor suppressor gene; a gene that protects the cell from cancer. It contributes to development of cancer if it fails or if it is impaired; however if it is fully viable, then the cells are safe. Also an alteration in the cell cycle, which is a process that results in cell division and duplication of DNA, can cause cancer in that the products of the cell cycle can be mutated and distorted leading to their accumulation or the process of apoptosis can be altered(Wang X, 2015) All of these four factors play a major role in the pathophysiology of cancer The pathophysiology of colorectal cancer in relation to the results Moderately differentiated Adenocarcinoma grade three Moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma refers to colorectal cancer which results from cells in the glands that line the colon and the rectum and metastasis slowly (Asare, 2016) This type of cancer results from over growth of cells in the mucus producing glands lining the colon, this overgrowth can be as a result of the following factors altered tumor suppressor gene, overexpressed oncogenes, a faulted apoptosis process or alterations in the cell cycle, which results in the production of altered cellular DNA leading to the accumulation of defaulted cells (White, 2015). One of these factors is enough to cause the uncontrolled cell proliferation, if other factors predisposing to cancer are present or the four factors can work together augmenting each other, despite the involvement of other predisposing factors such as lifestyle, and environmental factors (Cerada, 2017) The uncontrolled growth of cells in the glands that line the mucosa of the colon result in the formation of a tumor in the colon, the growth results in the impaired movement of food within the colon resulting into, impaired bowel movements, constipation, nausea, blood stained-stool weight loss and back pains associated with the extensive growth of the tumor. A grade 3 moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma implies that the tumor is a high grade cancer, which is growing and spreading very fast. Signs and symptoms will worsen as the cancer grows and response to treatment is not very good; however in some cases the treatment may work (Cerada, 2017) Discus one chemotherapeutic agents available for Betty Bettys diagnosis shows that her cancer is a high grade cancer, which implies that it will spread and grow more quickly than anticipated; the diagnosis also shows that the probability to respond to treatment compared to that of not responding to treatment is 1:1. One of the chemotherapeutic agents used for the treatment of colorectal cancer is Capecitabine, it is sold under the trade name Xeloda. Capecitabine is taken orally after/ within 30 minutes of taking a meal. The drug belongs to the class of fluoropyrimidines and once ingested and it is in the system it is converted to 5-fluorouracil which is its active form. 5-Fu inhibits synthesis of DNA through inhibition of the synthesis of thymidine monophosphate from a thymidilate synthase inhibitor, which is the active from of the drug, 5-Fu (Z, 2014) Pharmacokinetics Capecitabine is metabolized by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase enzyme Side effects and contraindications This drug has the following side effects, elevated liver enzymes, fatigue, rash and itching, low blood cell count abdominal pain and hand and foot syndrome. This drug is contraindicated in pregnancy, hepatic impairment, and hypersensitivity to fluorouracil, DPD deficiency, severe leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia, hair loss, edema, dermatitis, stomatitis, myelosupression and indigestion. Patients receiving treatment with sorivudine or its analogues are contraindicated from taking capecitabine (Twelves, 2009) Drug interactions Capecitabine has drug interactions with the following medications Phenytoin; it increases its plasma concentration, calcium folinate enhances its therapeutic effects and worsens diarrhea, warfarin and other coumarin-derived anticoagulants, and drugs with CYP2C9 substrates (Twelves, 2009) Bibliography Asare, E. A. (2016). The imapact of stage,grade and mucinous histology on the efficacy of systemic chemotherapy in adenocarcinomas Baar. M, P. (2017). targeted apoptosis of senescent cells restore tissue homeostasis in response to chemotoxicity and aging. Cerada, I. m. (2017, january 19). A general overview and future perspective of colorectal cancer. (W. C.-s. cho, Ed.) internal journal. Twelves, B. a. (2009). capecitabine in colorectal cancer. future medicine(1475-0708). Wang X. (2015). protection against tumor growth beyond effect on cell cycle and apoptosis. White. (2015). role of autophagy in cancer. journal of clinical investigation. Z, d. A.-D. (2014, january). pharmacokinetics and exposure-effect relationship of capecitabine in elederly patients with breast and colorectal cancer. caner chemotherapy and phamacology, 73(6), 1285-1293.