Ahmosis founded the Eighteenth Dynasty (1567-1320BC) which reigned over the first part of a well-heeled and stable imperial period during which Pharaonic culture develop and Egypt became a world power.
During the Eighteenth Dynasty Nubia was subdued and its wealth of gold, ivory, gemstones and ebony tree flowed into Egypt. Pharaonic armies conquered the Near East, Syria and Palestine and workers from these new-established colonies, and a cultural cross-fertilisation took place as artisans and intellectuals transplanted their knowledge, skills and culture onto Egyptian soil.
The temple of Karnak at Thebes grew with the expansion of empire. Tuthmosis I constructed the first tomb in the vale of the Kings. His daughter reigned as pharaoh and built the temple of Deir Al-Bahri. Tuthmosis III grow the empire beyond Nubiaand across the Euphrates to the boundaries of the Hittites.
Imperial expansion continued downstairs Amenophis II and Tuthmosis IV. The reign of Amenophis III was the pinnacle of Egyptian Pharaonic power. Under Amenophis III the kingdom was secure enough for the Pharaoh to draw many of the greatest Pharaonic structures including the Temple of Luxor.
His son Amenophis IV fought with the priesthood of the god Amun and changed his name to Akhenaten in honour of the god Aten.
With his wife Nefertiti Akhenaten he established a new capital at Tel El-Amarna dedicated to the worship of Aten, which many believe was the first organised monotheistic religion. Both his predecessors and successors denounced his beliefs as heresy.
During their short reign (1379-1362BC) Pharaonic obsession with the afterlife was banished as was the old idolatry. Art began to radiate human concerns. This was called the Amarna revolution, which barely survived Akhenatens reign. His successor Smenkhkare upheld Akhenatens ideals but died within a year, leaving the child pharaoh Tutankhamen under the influence of the priesthood who easily...
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