Mid Term Exam

Running head :mid(prenominal) TERM EXAMMid Term Exam[The imprint of the writer appears here][The name of the conception appears here] Q1Investigative processes argon carried out to visit information pertinent to a certain or phenomena . due to the limitation of time , bell and new(prenominal)wise resources one fundament never be short certain about the results as yet if the best investigative tot up is employed . Also , solely the investigative processes atomic bet 18 prone to some(prenominal) types of errors and biases which make the conclusions slight reliableQ2The comprise physical designive lensivity and characterivity in their advanced customs generally de none to a perceiving idea (normally a individual ) and a savvyd or un comprehend object . The object is something that presumably exists independent of the cognitive fill s perception of it . In other words the object would be there as it is , scanty if no surmount recognized it . thus , objectiveness is typically associated with ideas such as reality , truth and reliability (The earnings Encyclopedia of Philosophy . The perceiving subject can either perceive accurately or await to perceive features of the object that argon not in the object . For example , a perceiving subject suffering from jaundice could look to perceive an object as yellow when the object is not actually yellow therefrom , the term subjective typically indicates the possibility of error (The net profit Encyclopedia of PhilosophyMany non-scientists argon fearful by the king and unornamented certainty of scientific cognition . So argon sound students of information (Sheldrake 1994 Textbooks atomic number 18 profuse of apparently hard facts and denary data Science seems supremely objective . Moreover , a belief in the objectivity of intelligence is a content of faith for many modern-day people . It is fundamental to the world-view of materialists , rationalists , put d experience humanists and all others who uphold the transcendency of erudition over devotion , traditional wisdom and the artsHowever , democratic doubts about the objectivity of scientists are widely shared , for more than than sophisticated reasons , by philosophers , historians and sociologists of science (Sheldrake 1994 .

Scientists are part of bigger social , economic and semipolitical arrangements they constitute professional groups with their avouch initiation procedures , peer pressures , position structures and systems of rewards . They generally work in the context of established paradigms or models of reality . And still in spite of appearance the limits set by the dominant scientific belief system , they do not seek after pure facts for their own sake : they make guesses or hypotheses about the way things are , and then test them by experiment . Usually these experiments are motivated by a desire to support a favorite hypothesis or to refute a oppose one . What people do research on , and even what they find , is influenced by their aware and unconscious expectations . In extension , feminist critics detect a strong and often unconscious male bias in the theory and practice of science (Sheldrake 1994Q3Source : RESEARCH METHODSAdvantages and Disadvantages of Cross-Sectional DesignsAdvantages Disadvantagesdata on many variables change vow chances of errordata from a large number of subjects increased cost with more subjectsdata from dispersed subjects increased cost with individually location...If you want to take off a full essay, order it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com

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