Humans and Nature: Treatment of Pollution with Technology Essays

humanness and Nature Treatment of Pollution with Technology Humans be unable to live independent of nature. Human beings are obligate to live by Mother Natures rules. By destroying nature we are and destroying ourselves. But pollution does just that it severely damages our natural surroundings, sometimes beyond recovery. The treatment of pollution is a complex science that has evolved greatly in the 20th century mostly due to the industrial environment we live in today. From the basic classification of todays pollution to developing a supplement to our ever so damaging fossil fuel, advances in technology have helped the human race protect the natural environment near us. Humans today create a wide range of pollution from basic trash to radio active petroleum. One of the first step in implementing a plan to deal with pollution is to classify the wastes that are being dealt with. The primary purpose of a classification system is to accelerate understanding and alter manageme nt of the multiple elements of a diverse system. A tension exists between two of the objectives of such a system to simplify and have the least number of classes, and to include all the diverse categories to justly manage such a classification system.1 Since the atomic age, focus on atomic problems have centered more on the activities that generate nuclear waste than on the characteristics of the waste generated or on the disposal of those nuclear wastes. Often one would hear of the nuclear waste caused by a power plant, but never about the details of what type or even to what degree.2 The US Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) classified wastes base primarily on operational and handling concerns. The first legal annotation between different r... ...n Through Emission Controls (Not published) University of Dayton 1972. Found in Roesch Library. 2.) IL, American Nuclear Society. Glasstone, Sammuel. Nuclear Power and its Environmental Effects. La Grange Park. 3.) Lowenthal , Micah D. mishandle-acceptance criteria and risk-based thinking for Radioactive-waste classification. Waste Management 18 (1998) pp. 249-256. 4.) Kjaer, Bruel. Noise Control Principles and Practice. 1st ed. Sweden Arbetarskyddsfonden. 5.) Seidel, Stephen, Dale Keyes. Can We assure A Greenhouse Warming? 2nd (Corrected) ed. Washington D.C Strategic Studies Staff, postal service of Police Analysis, and Office fo Policy, Planning and Evaluation. 6.) Warith, M.A., K. Kennedy, and R. Reitsma. Use of sanitary sewers as wastewater Pre- treatment systems. Waste Management 18 (1998) pp. 235-247.

A need for old age homes in modern times Essay

Its a shameful state of affairs that at that place has a jump outn a neediness for white-haired term family units in modern eons. wherefore do we need these homes? Why argon we considering our sireder relatives as a burden on us? Not overly long ago we used to find a strong joint family system. It was an unquestioned norm of the society to take portion out if of the elderly. It was considered an honour and a blessing.Sadly, joint families have be have it away relics of the past. In this thermonuclear shape up, sex epochnarian spate be considered a liability. Time is cash. And duration and money determine our priorities straight off. Why ar old age homes a token of societal ingratitude? Obviously, the absence of near and dear ones and the lack of their admire and affection are the causes. Definitely, old age homes stand out as sore thumbs in the society, symbolic of our negligence towards our aged parents. As doubting Thomas Merton, a catholic author rightly sai d, These people, who awake(p) the pull d witnessing of their weathers in old age homes live unloved and die unmourned. Death shines to them as a great reliever.Are we non negating the role they have vie in catapulting us to what we are today? Can we be so mean and selfish? Do we ever realise how priceless old citizens are to the nation because of their wide experience and wisdom? How tail end we rule their sad forlorn faces and concentrate on our triumphs? Dont you imagine entirely those countless hurdles and sleepless nights they have faced?So why dont we make a fresh initiation? Lets work together to weave a network of love and compassion to shelter our elders who have been torch lights of guidance exclusively their lives for us.The elderly of the world today are more than in need of love, kindness, uprightty and comfort from their own children and family members than that coming from a stranger. They stool do without the amenities and/or luxuries that any OLD AGE HOME, SANITARIUM or GERIATRIC HOSPITAL WARD mint give them. You might in truth well be paying a high price to abide by a domestic availer or cook for your elderly parent(s) or voluptuary-parent(s) simply that is non what the elderly really WANT. They need the aid of a helper in their daily lives, it is true just it is for a smile, a kind, polite word, attention and love that they really demand for. They crave for almostbody who will talk to them and laugh with them people who will stay by their side when the darkness of night falls and the fear of dying whole creeps in. Whether you indirect request to imagine it or non, old people crave for a TRUE AND LOYAL FRIEND. An emotional and moral SUPPORT trunk that comes from ones own loving and caring family members has more cure value in the longer run than all the allopathic drugs and medicines draw up together.now a days our Indian society is intensely influenced by the western world.. & we have become obsessed with money so that we are gradually losing our morality. its time to realise that Aged parents are ilk children. & we should take maintenance of themfinally i wanna say 1 thing thatWHATEVER WE GIVE IN THE PRESENT ONLY WE depart GET IN THE FUTURE.soit is prefer qualified if possible and the children are willing to look after you. in case the children are not favourable then it is preferred to live in a safe(p) old age home who keep take cover of of you bowl your death. just now the people who do not have their children then the gustation is to live in old age home onlyold people are big support for the family. bcz they are our base and having conk out experinces den new age people. and bcz old age people we r kwn in the society.and they r the strength of the family. so dont let dem to old age home keep them in family bcz in this age they need family support and care.well according to me everyone has right to live with their family happily .. to days people are trying to avoid their state they think old parents are only burdenthere is no use of thembut i think if you got saperate by your old parents ..send them old age home.. then you are the next one who will capture the same problem. Can not agree with your view take downhearted with best effort. Did our parents think the same way when they spared time, attention and energy for us? The answer is no.If our parents could find time for us, surely we as well, can think the same way both for our children and parents. Provide quality time as in like manner while we need to pay back counterbalance if it is at the cost of a few progressions less in speculate or making less money in other(a) vocations. universe competitive was very a great deal known to our parents as well and so was the rat-race, yet if they avoided we mustiness appreciate that gesture.Of course few from Rat-race may befool of this being a differentiating factors to be predicted Human.my opinion Parents make great sacrifi ces for the care of their children. Day after day, parents protect their children from danger, attend to their cries, and reassure them after a bad dream. Parents give up necessities for their children everyday.But when the children grown up and if they feed break out postion in the society, they are forgetting their own parentsI cant able to undersatnd, how they(children) can forget their past life sentence???how they can avoid their own parents in their life???Is it Good?that its shamefull that we have to discuss this return as we are forgetting our culture which tell us that mother acquire are god in the world . I agree with your views that parents must be kept with us if required we can keep servent to tocare for them in our absence and after coming from work we can spend just about time with them .This much will keep them happy .Our parents are taking too many difficulties or we can say they are sacrificing for the eudaemonia of their children. Hence it should not be the right thing to leave them in the oldage homes. It is the duty of every one to keep their old age parents with them and should be taken care by their children. In case the old age parents are remaining in the homes by you, which will be surveiled by your own children and tomorrow you will meet the same thing by your children.Whether elderly people should live with their children and grandchildren or in retirement homes depends on their personal choice and the circumstances in which they have been living boulder clay then.I personally feel elderly people must live with their children and grand children. The chief reason for my view is old people are alike(p) infants who need constant care and attention. more or less of them have both(prenominal) or the other medical actors which may require assistance from people around.Some people may or may not be financially sound to live in retirement homes.Above all,it is the primary duty of the children to take care of their parents at such an age For example,In India most of the parents live with their children in their of age(p) age.This develops beat between different generations and bridges the gap between them.Younger generation can learn a banding from the older generation where as older generation can know about the progress which the newer generations are making. save living with the family creates a sense of security and warmth which might be lacking in any other type of residences.Finally,living with the family would be a better option. They did not ponder much about lack of concealing whenever we barged into their romantic rendezvous. They did it all for Us Is this how we pay back? By dump them in old age homes? i know Okay, times have changed. Now, both parents might have to work to run the home. Maybe, we dont want to miss out on our promotions. After all, the money from that promotion will also be used to give parents a better old age home And now-a-days, old age homes are all spruced up like ho tels with all facilities including medicine and entertainment readily available.Fine, but pray tell me, if we have the time to party, if we have the time to watch tele pile can we not find a little time for our parents at home? Is it too much to ask for? Old age homes may provide all material requirements but surely, we are snotty-nosed enough( or are we?) to understand that an old age home cannot converge in the vacuum of love and affection that only a family can provide. Even if we call them every other day, can the phone call fulfill the anticipations and expectation that a parent has to meet his/her son or/and daughter?Come on colleague , I am recounting you a little story one day my friends father made a little mistake then my friend shout on them.. his father replied , son , when you were small (child) you made lot of errors but i never rebuked on you , you did several mistake but i always tried to show you good manner to do that task. but today , when i am getting si ck , my retention and body is not supporting me , you are not doing the same as what i did in past for you . Friends they are treasure for us, with lot of experience of life, with lot of love, with lot of honor . dont loo se you wealth , they are root of your life , without root , you will not be strong and steady.I believe that they should live in family and with family.I believe that whatever we do we do it for our family.If we can manage our small kids who also want special care why not our parents.We dont send them to some other kid care center then why there is problem with parents.If one can afford them to old age home then it could also be managed, care and attention could also be provided at our home by arranging some professionals who will come to home and take care of them.Definitely it cost high but I think they deserve it.They dont need money,they need family and want to die in front of there loved one quite than some unknown professional.We should understand that no matter how high we rise in our life but we are in life because of them and we should help them to get the LOVE,RESPECT that they deserve. Here I want to post something that i tardily gone through and through.Today Im sharing something that is very close to us & also very true. We all go through this plz read throughAt 4 age My protactinium is great. At 6 days My pop knows everybody. At 10 Years My daddy is good but is short tempered At 12 Years My daddy was very nice to me when I was young. At 14 Years My daddy is getting fastidious. At 16 Years My daddy is not in line with the current times. At 18 Years My daddy is fitting increasingly cranky. At 20 Years Oh Its proper difficult to tolerate daddy. Wonder how Mother puts up with him. At 25 Years Daddy is objecting to everything. At 30 Years its becoming difficult to manage my son. I was so scared of my father when I was young. At 40 Years Daddy brought me up with so much discipline. Even I should do the same. A t 45 Years I am baffled as to how my daddy brought us up. At 50 Years My daddy faced so many hardships to bring us up. I am unable to manage A Single son. At 55 Years My daddy was so far sighted and plan so many things for us. He is one of his kind and unique. At 60 Years My daddy is great. Thus, it took 56 eld to complete the cycle and come back to the 1st. Stage.Realize the true value of your parents before its too late.Bye the way I want to thank the owner of this debate and to Disha.who gave me an opportunity to take part in this debateI dont think people have time today even to take care of their own parents, I mean they are busy running behind money and creating better future for themselves but are forgetting who provided a better future for them in the first place, and even parents at times think that they dont want to be a burden on their children and they themselves at times get registered to these oldage homes, as they are seeing whats happening infront of them and they dont want to be let down by their own kids infront of othersI strongly feel that older people should spend rest of their lives with their children because there are some things that money cant buy in particular LOVE. Old age especially demands affection. Children are brought up by their parents since they are too young. Especially in a society to which I belong,Technology-integration in Old Age Homes in India A Status Paper Sugan Bhatia, Ph.D. President Indian University Association for go along Education Delhi 1.1 The elderly (aged 60 years and above) in India account for more than 9 percent of the total state. The National Population Commission estimated that the population of the elderly is judge to grow from 71 one thousand thousand in 2001 to 173 million in 2026. This demographic scenario appears to indicate a very precarious condition for the older persons in terms of their capability to enjoy the right to life with dignity. While those in the age group 60-69 year s could be expected to lead a fairly healthy life and offer their function as volunteers for informal care giving to others in the two higher age groups, both the 70-79 years age group and the 80 + years age group would require critical social and medical healthcare support both informal care giving and formal care giving.1.2 The growing incidence of elder abuse and severe fissures in the multigenerational family or household has forced many older persons to abandon their family home some of them have also been pushed out and have thus been left shelter-less. Most urban areas appear to have a growing incidence of cases of creaky elderly. A new culture of peer group participation being attempted by the old persons appears to be taking roots in many parts of urban India Old Age Homes of various types are rapidly becoming a choice for many abandoned, left out or neglected old persons with or without survival resources. 1.3 The vision of alternate shelter for older persons, as e nunciated in both study and global policy frameworks, includes Group housing for older persons, No visible barriers to mobility, Health care and nutritional support, Development of age-integrated communities, Recreation services, Age-friendly, easy and safe accessibility to shopping complexes, community centers, parks and other services, and Provision of ramps

Technology Management Assignment

Introduction The emergence of impertinent technologies has made a big impact on job anxiety. engine room applications welcome been proven to enhance the acquisition of information and resources. engine room has in like manner sound an strategical element in decision making and carrefour understructure. As such, with forth engineering science com tutelage, organizations bungholenot survive in the current line of products environment. applied science focussing has alike been proven as a key comp hotshotnt in the macrocosm of wealth. in that respectfore, the coverment of engineering, especially for technology intensive fuddleds, is essential for their survival and to economize their competitive advantage.engineering be intimatement is a multi-disciplinary field, which works as a bridge between engineering and rail line disciplines. The importance of technology anxiety bathnot be overlooked. In recent years, all leading ontogenys in the global vocation e nvironment ar the result of the application of technology management (Khalil, 2000). technology management is link to trigger (Mortar et al., 2009). In the current business and technological environment, corporations and SMEs must be adequate to(p) to adapt and evolve if they take to survive and expand their business. The ability and pass oningness to change is essential to survive in todays highly competitive environment. As such, conversion has become an classical facet in the culture of an organization and is seen as a driving force in achieving growth (Trott, 2005). aim, in turn, is recognized as one of the results of efficient technology management.Technology management is a moral force tool that can be utilized for various industries, both in the esoteric and government sectors. The cultivation sector is one of the areas where technological betterment is needed. This can be achieved through with(predicate) the lend oneself of online learning package and othe r related tools. Online learning communities are a growing feature in the landscape of gentilityal technology. These tools and technology-oriented software package system package are the key improvements in the command system and this has been proven with the passage of time (Herrington &038 Oliver, 2000)This essay analyses Pakistans upbringing commercialise to find the gaps in the occasion of technology in the soils education sector. To illustrate the importance of technology management, the essay as well discusses its application in relation to the discipline of crude software targeted for the education sector in Pakistan. The development of the impudent software is carried out with the counselor-at-law of an appropriate technology oriented-business model and business intend. This is done to understate the try and hesitancy involved in the product development serve up.Literature inspection Benefits of Technology heedLooking at the economic history of the UK, technological management has been recognized as one of the key factors in the birth and development of the industrial sector during the nineteenth century (Trott, 2005). Since then, technology management has been an important aspect in economic and business growth.Technology management is recognized as an important element in business management. Firms wear utilized technology management in their operations and take a leak adapted it to suit their business needs (Pilkington &038 Teichert, 2006). Many organizations are going through radical transformations referable to technological changes that are happening on a global outmatch (Levin &038 Barnard, 2008). In this scenario, technology management is seen as playing an important utilisation in managing organizational change.Over the years, many authors assume focused on how to manage technology resources (Cetindamar, Phaal &038 Probert, 2009). Technology management involves processes to enhance surgical process and utilization of resources. It involves the acquisition and integration of existing know takege into the creation of new association. This is an important factor for an organization to survive in the current competitive environment. every organization must have the flexibility to change and reallyize new knowledge by adapting to the changes in the grocery. This forget lead to higher performance and sustainable competitive advantage (Liu et al., 2006).Technology management is identified as a crucial factor for the long-term success and profitability of an organization. Technology is considered as one of the core assets that a firm relies on (Cockburn &038 Henderson, 1998). Technology management enables an organization to utilize its resources in creative ways in order to enhance performance and increase profit margin and commercialize share. The company can also acquire and manage resources with the function of technology management.Challenges in Technology ManagementOne of the important difficulties in business is to manage hesitation. This is the equal challenge in technology and universe management. New product innovation is a complex process. There are numerous factors and risks involved in innovation. The organization has to manage internal and external risks. Some of these are docile while others are beyond their control. The management of the innovation process, which is a subset of technology management, involves trying to develop the creative potential of the organization. It involves the fostering of new ideas and generating creativity. Managing hesitation is a central feature of managing the innovation process and managing technology (Trott, 2005).When in that respect is new product innovation related to technology, the chances of uncertainty arises. Different experts have worked on these issues and have developed theories to reduce uncertainty or to make a better understanding of uncertainty, which occurs from new innovation. One of the theorie s in avoiding uncertainty is Pearsons Uncertainty Map. This was developed after extensive analysis of opposite case studies of major technological innovations, including Pilkingtons float glass process, 3Ms Post-It Notes, and Sonys Walkman (Pearson, 1991).Establishing something new is the essence of product innovation and this process of necessity involves risk. Therefore, early risk identification and management is required by mod firms. Risk and uncertainty usually occur at the beginning of a new innovation process. It is important to note that innovation is not vertical about opening up new markets. Innovation can also present new ways of serving older and established markets.Technology Management and InnovationIn todays fast changing business world, innovation has become a fundamental theatrical role in organizations. The speed of innovation has changed the nature of global economic growth made possible by the rapid evolution of technology, shorter product lifecycles, and a higher degree of new product development. Additionally, the availability of more knowledge to firms has made innovation regular more complex (Du Plessis, 2007). From this perspective, innovation is undeniably a product of technology management.One of the primary roles of technology is as an enabler it encourages the constant need to evaluate, update, and enlist changing job descriptions and business processes (Savino 2009, p.1). technical advancements have significantly changed how businesses give way and how employees go about doing their work. The new paradigm in business organizations is the around-the-clock demands for improvement and the acquisition of knowledge in a very high-voltage and incessantly evolving environment. The catalyst that enables constant improvement and innovation is technology (Savino 2009). As such, it is highly important to manage technology in the pursuit of innovation.Researchers have recognized that large multinational firms are one of the key drivers for the globalisation of research and development (R&038D) and innovation activities. A postulate by Gerybadze &038 Reger (1999) shew that R&038D and innovation strategies have changed over the years. Since the mid-1990s, multinational corporations have been inclined to consolidate and streamline their operations. This shift in technology management strategy is due to the failures of distributed R&038D activities and globally-dispersed innovation processes, which have led to highly complicated and unmanageable organizational structures. Consequently, firms have opted for leaner and more effective types in managing the portfolio of innovation activities.Using wrinkle Models for Product Innovation One of the ways to manage risk in new product innovation is to come up with an appropriate business model or business plan. A business model assistances in making the innovation successful and avoiding the chances of failure, which is one of the risks of innovation. Although cr eating and implementing the business model for a small firm is not an b low-spiritedzy process, many firms utilize this in order to lessen the chances of failure (Lindgren, 2011).Business models have been the focus of both the academic writers and practitioners. Creating a business model is now a federal agency of the innovation process (Zott, Amit &038 Massa, 2011). Researchers found that most firms have a variety of activities and corresponding business models. As such, a firm can use different business models to suit their various activities or a multi-business model approach can be used. Carrying out the perfect business model is not an flourishing task especially for the SMEs because they have limited resources lack knowledge about the business and have few business tools to support their activities (Neffics, 2010). exploitation a new software for Pakistans education sector There is an existing gap in the use of technology in Pakistans education sector. Although there are s ome online tools that are used to manage online entropy and word, the information is usually found and managed in university websites wholly. There are currently no private providers of online learning software in universities in Pakistan. The new ruling of the higher(prenominal) Education Commission (HEC) requires all education institutes to set online databases. As such, universities need to develop online learning software to run the requirements and facilitate their students into employ these new tools. This represents a good opportunity for the development of e-learning software for use in universities and colleges in Pakistan. Our plan is to develop software similar to Moodle for use in universities.Industry and target market A few years ago, Pakistan had no framework for the use of technology in higher education. This meant that the countrys education standards and quality were not at par with the rest of world. Pakistan was unable to make any progress in the education sector until 1991. There were only 34 universities serving a population of over 100 million and from 1997 to 2002, only 10 private universities were added. However, the rapid growth of the education sector resulted in the establishment of 53 private institutions by 2004. There are currently more than 74 universities across the country (HEC, 2012).Product Description The software that will be aver to customers is similar to Moodle, which is the acronym for Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment. Moodle is an open-source bloodline management system (CMS) / learning management system (LMS) / virtual leaning environment (VLE). It is used as a tool for creating online dynamic websites for students (Moodle 2013). novel surveys show that it is considered as one of go around e-learning software used by educators and is used by several primary and secondary schools in the UK (The Guardian, 2008).The software is customizable and there will be some modifications depending up on the circumstances and requirements of the clients. Using Moodle, the teacher can upload data form anywhere and student can adit it instantly (The Guardian, 2008).Our aim is to introduce Moodle and to customize the software harmonize to the needs of the higher education system in Pakistan. The software will allow in tutors to manage their courses according to their requirements and students will be able to access getable data from anywhere. University administration will also be able to upload news, results, and other related information using this software.There are various benefits in the application of the e-learning software in Pakistani universities. These accommodate increase in availability of information, quick feedback, and better communication.The Moodle e-learning system provides users with an online computer program for communication and sharing of cloy, information, and news.Communication is the basic function of the Moodle e-learning software. Professors can put forward any course-related announcement for students. Students can chat with other students in real time. Discussion threads can be created. Students and teachers can participate in the discussion. Content is the second core function of the software Teachers can beam lectures, articles, assignments and other related information. Teaching calendar of the year can be included. Teachers can post quizzes and exams and allow students to access them via the internet. Students can submit their assignments online. Business Model A business model serves as a hand to help businesses create, deliver, capture and exchange valuate (Trott, 2005). There are master(prenominal) four components of a business model.Source Trott, 2005Core StrategyCore strategy is the number 1 component of business model. It describes how a firm competes with its competitors. The core strategy involves customizing the software according to the needs of the organization and to set an optimum ground. initiall y, we are targeting one university only, which is the Bahira University Islamabad. Other education institutions will be approached later on.Mission StatementOur mission is to provide excellent technology service to universities in Pakistan at the best cost.Product ScopeThe e-learning software will be developed by focalization on the needs and requirements of the clients. E-learning software is popularly used in UK schools. Teachers and students have given arbitrary feedback on the use of e-learning software. We are expecting the same positive response from Pakistans education sector.Our focus is to develop the software base on some key points. Ease of use is one of the main objectives of the e-learning software. The product is new so we will ensure that it is easy to use and manage so that our clients will not have difficulty in using it. We will also ensure administrative flexibility so that they can manage it according to their needs. Our aim is to provide maximum value and o ptimize institutional investments to help them reduce their overhead costs and manage their finances better. We will also develop the software so that it is comfortably upgraded in the future should the client require changes.Basis for DifferentiationThere is currently no e-learning software in Pakistan, which is customized for the education sector and has excellent communication and content features. Most universities in Pakistan are using their websites for announcement and other news but they do not have a comprehensive software similar to Moodle. Our core differentiation is that we exsert a customizable, flexible and easy to use software for the education sector.Strategic ResourcesFor the development of this software, we will have the best software developer form Pakistan. The reasons for hiring the software developer from Pakistan are lower jab costs and familiarity with Pakistans education sector. This will help us to minimize our costs and be more efficient in our product development. Our strategic asset is our developers and our business plans.Technology Strategy The technology strategy is part the overall corporate strategy takes into consideration the components of the core strategy. In pharmaceutical firms and high tech equipment manufacturers, it is common for the technology strategy to be related to the corporate strategy. This concerns the management and use of technology for further working out and development (Burgelman &038 Doz, 2001). Our core strategy is to focus on innovation and excellent services for our clients. Our goal is also to build reliable and flexible software that is cost effective and sustainable.The product we offer is found on Moodle. Although Moodle is already available in the market, we will develop a new e-learning software establish on the Moodle framework. This new e-learning software will be customized to suit Pakistans education sector. Our basic strategy is to understand the clients requirements and create prod ucts that will address all their needs.The service strategy provides guidance on how to externalize, develop, and implement our service management plans. We will provide not only the software to our clients, but also services such as installation, customization, and post-sales support. We will also provide trainings to teachers and administrative staff on how to upload data and use communication tools. Trainings will also be provided for university students who will be using the e-learning software. Financial Strategy The pecuniary strategy is an important component of any business plan. Initially, we are going to finance our business using our personal savings and from investments of our family and friends. Our initial capital investment is ?3,000 to ?5,000. For future expansion plans, we will loan from a bank or other financial institutions.Partnership Networks We are going to start with one project, through the help of a partnership with a small software firm. This will help to minimize our development costs. The partnership accept will be based on profit sharing. The reason for entering into a partnership is to allow us to offer our products to other universities in the future.It is my responsibility to secure the contract from the university. It is my task to find out the requirements and needs of the university and to negotiate with them in terms of cost and other pertinent issues.Customer Interface Our target market is the Pakistani education sector. The main reason for targeting this market is the lack of educational software in Pakistan. Initially our target is one university, which will be Bahria University Islamabad. The motive for choosing this organization is the fact that some of our colleagues have studied there and are very familiar with the university.According to students of Bahria University, the administrative system that their university is currently using is not user friendly compared to other well-known universities in the Pakistan. A s such, it will be a great idea to offer the new e-learning software to this university. To get the contract for developing this service, we will prate to the universitys management team. We will present them our products features and offer our services to them.Pricing Model We are new in the market and we want to compete with existing players. Our main focus is to attract a lot of customers and this can be achieved by making our products affordable. We are applying a cost leadership strategy. We will offer the best products at low cost to persuade customers to avail of our products. This is an ideal market entry strategy.maximum customers and for this out for going for cost leadership strategy. We will offer best low cost to facilitate our clients and make them comfortable to deal with us. Initially our motive is to adjust our self on low profit and net profit market share.Conclusions Success of an organization depends on leaning, innovation, and constant change in a systematic and scientific way. Every organization will constantly have to acquire new knowledge to remain competitive. Change and uncertainty is managed by having a plan for the future. With a business plan, uncertainty ceases to be a threat and becomes an opportunity. Different models must be used to avoid uncertainty and risk. In entering a new market, we will use a business model to avoid uncertainty and carry out the innovation process in a manageable way.Being management student, we admire the importance of literature on technology management and new product innovation. On the basis of that literature and examples, we can conclude that if we cut off all those theories and models, product innovation will not be achieved. Our plan is based on the review of relevant literature and carried out through a business model.References Burgelman, R.A. and Doz, Y.L. (2001). The Power of Strategic Integration. MIT Sloan Management Review, 42(3), pp. 28-38.Cetindamar, D., Phaal,R. &038 Probert, D (200 9). arrangement technology management as a dynamic capability A framework for technology management activities. Technovation, 29(4), pp.237-246Christoph Zott, Raphael Amit and Lorenzo Massa, Journal of Management published. Vol No. X online 2 May 2011Pilkington, A. (2008 ). Engineering management or management of technologyA bibliometric study of IEEE TEM. International Journal of Management Science and Engineering Management. 3(1) pp. 63-70.Herrington, J., and Oliver, R. (2000). An instructional design framework for authentic learning environments. Educational Technology Research and Development, 48(3), 23-48.HEC, (2012) Higher Education Commission of Pakistan. open at http//hec.gov.pk/Pages/HECMain.aspx.Jaldemark, J., Lindberg, J. O., &038 Olofsson, A. D. (2005). Sharing the distance or a distance shared Social and individual aspects of participation in ICT-supported distance-based teacher education. Challenging prospects. p. 142160.Jack Kenny, (2008) Moodle takes lead in secon dary, The Guardian Available at http//www.guardian.co.uk/education/2007/sep/18/link.link (Accessed 30 March 2013).Khalil, T. M. (2000). Management of Technology The Key to Competitiveness and Wealth Creation. Boston 18th Edition, McGraw-Hill.Liu, J.J., Qian, J.Y. &038 Chen,J. (2006). Technological learning and firm level technological capability building analytical framework and evidence from Chinese manufacturing firms. International Journal of Technology Management, vol.36, pp. 190-208, 2006.Levin, D.Z., &038 Barnard, H. (2008). Technology management routines that matter technology managers. International Journal of Technology Management, 41(1-2), pp.228-237.Mortar, L., Kerr, C. I. V., Phaal, R. &038 Probert, D.R. (2009). A toolbox of elements to build technology intelligence systems. International Journal of Technology Management, 47(4), pp. 322-345.NEFFICS, (2010 /11). Business Models and Business Model. Innovation in a Secure and Distributed befoul Clustering (DISC) Society. p.58(1) , pp. 159-167.Pearson, A. (1991). Managing innovation an uncertainty reduction process. in Henry, J. and Walker, D. (eds) Managing Innovation, Sage/Oxford University turn on London. p.1827.Pilkington, A. &038 Teichert, T. (2006). Management of Technology Themes, Concepts and Relationships. Technovation. 26(3), pp. 288-299.Trott, P. (2005). Innovation Management and New Product Development. tertiary Edition. Prentice Hall.Tidd, J., Bessant, J. and Pavitt, K. (2005). Managing Innovation. Integrating Technological, Market and Organizational Change. John Wiley &038 Sons Ltd.

Philippine culture Essay

Academic Scientific psychology or Akademiko-siyentipikal na Sikolohiya Western Tradition This follows the tradition of Wilhelm Wundt in 1876 and is fundamentally the Ameri fucking-oriented Western psychology being studied in the Filipinos. Academic philosophic psychological science or Akademiko-pilosopiya na Sikolohiya Western Tradition This was started by priest-professors at the University of Santo Tomas. This tradition is mainly focused on what is called Rational psychology. pagan psychological science or Taal na Sikolohiya This is the tradition on which Philippine psychology is primarily based.This disturbs to the indigenous opinions that ar studied using indigenous mental orientation and methodologies. Psycho-medical Religious psychological science or Sikolohiyang Siko-medikal The tradition that fuses native ameliorate techniques and explains it in an indigenous religious context. By Noeco C. Marquino,BS. Psychology UNO-R. Core value or Kapwa Kapwa, nub togetherne ss, is the core construct of Philippine Psychology. Kapwa refers to community not doing things al unrivaled. Kapwa has two categories, Ibang Tao (other good deal) and Hindi Ibang Tao (not other people).Ibang Tao ( break throughsider) There are pentad domains in this construct Pakikitungo civility Pakikisalamuha act of mixing Pakikilahok act of connection Pakikibagay conformity Pakikisama being united with the group. Hindi Ibang Tao (one-of-us) There are troika domains in this construct Pakikipagpalagayang-loob act of mutual trust Pakikisangkot act of connective others Pakikipagkaisa being one with others Pivotal inter someoneal value Pakiramdam Shared privileged perceptions. Philippines use damdam, or the inner perception of others emotions, as a rudimentary tool to guide his dealings with other people. Linking socio-personal value Kagandahang-Loob Shared hu sliceity.This refers to being able to help other people in dire impoverishment due to a perception of being together as a pause of one Filipino human raceity. Accommodative stand up values Hiya by and large translated as shame by roughly Western psychologists, Hiya is positively wiz of propriety. Utang na Loob Norm of reciprocity. Filipinos are expected by their neighbors to homecoming favors-whether these were asked for or not-when it is needed or wanted. Pakikisama and Pakikipagkapwa Smooth Interpersonal Relationship, or SIR, as coined by Lynch (1961 and 1973). This attitude is primarily guided by conformity with the majority.Confrontative surface values Bahala Na This attitude, slackly translated into English as fatalist passiveness, actually describes the Filipino way of life, in which, he is de limitinalined to do his best, hence the full term bahala na, which actually came from the phrase bathalan na, meaning I will do all my best, let God state care of the rest. Lakas ng Loob This attitude is characterized by being adventuresome in the midst of problems and uncertainties. Pakik ibaka Literally in English, it doer concurrent clashes. It refers to the dexterity of the Filipino to undertake revolutions and uprisings against a common enemy.Societal values Karangalan loosely translated to dignity, this actually refers to what other people see in a person and how they use that information to make a stand or decide more or less his/her worth. Puri the external aspect of dignity. May refer to how other people judge a person of his/her worth. Dangal the internal aspect of dignity. May refer to how a person judges his own worth. Katarungan Loosely translated to estimableice, this actually refers to fairness in giving rewards to a person. Kalayaan Freedom and mobility. Ironically, this may clash with the less(prenominal) important value of pakikisama or pakikibagay (conformity).Approaches and methods Approaches, or lapit, and methods, or pamamaraan, in Filipino Psychology are contrary from that of Western Psychology. In Filipino Psychology, the subjects, or p articipants, called kalahok, are considered as equal in status to the researcher. The participants are include in the research as a group, and not as individuals hence, an umpukan, or inborn cluster, is required to serve as the participants, per se. The researcher is introduced to a natural cluster by a tulay (bridge), who is a part of the umpukan and is a closely-respected man in the community.Some of the many approaches and methods used in Filipino Psychology are Pakikipagkuwentuhan In this method, the researcher engages in a account statement-telling with an umpukan. The researcher provided serves as the facilitator, while the kalahok or participants are the one who are to talk. The term kwento, from the Spanish word cuento, literally agent to tell a story. Panunuluyan In this method, the researcher stays in the home of his kalahok or participant while he conducts the research with consent by the legion family, whose precede serves as the tulay to an umpukan.The term tuloy , which is the root word of the term panunuluyan, literally means to go in. Pagdadalaw-dalaw In this method, the researcher occasionally visits the house of his host or tulay, as opposed to staying in the house. The term dalaw literally means visit. Pagtatanung-tanong In this method, the researcher undergoes a kind of psycheing academic session with his kalahok or participants. In this method, however, lead questions (those questions which directly refer to the topic being studied) are not supposed to be asked, instead the questions to be asked are supposed to scram been derived from the kalahoks answers themselves.The word tanong literally means question. Pakikiramdam In this approach, the researcher uses entirely his/her own feelings or emotions to resign if his participants or kalahok are ready to be part of his research or not. The term damdam literally means inner perception of emotions. Pakapa-kapa In this approach, the researcher uses look for, or a mixture of feelings as well as mountain, to justify his intrusion into the life of his/her participants or kalahok. The term kapa literally means to blow in the dark. Psychopathology.Filipino abnormal psychology, or sikopatolohiya in Filipino, from Spanish psicopatologia, is the need of abnormal psychology in the Filipino context. Several mental disorders withstand been identified that can be found only in the Philippines or in other nations with which Filipinos share racial connections. Examples of such are demoniacal Malayan mood disorder, more aptly called Austronesian Mood perturb, in which a person suddenly loses control of himself and goes into a violent death frenzy, after which he/she hallucinates and locomote into a trance.After he/she wakes up, he has absolutely no memory of the event. Bangungot A relatively common occurrent in which a person suddenly loses control of his respiration and digestion, and falls into a coma and ultimately to death. The person is believed to dream of fa lling into a deep abyss at the onset of his death. This syndrome has been repeatedly linked to Thailands Brugada syndrome and to the ingestion of rice. However, no such medical ties discombobulate been proven. Filipino psychopathology in any case refers to the different manifestations of mental disorders in Filipino people.One eccentric of such is the manifestation of depression and schizophrenia in Filipinos, which are for the most part, less violent. Psycho-medicine See also Philippine Mythology Filipino psychomedicine, or sikomedikal na sikolohiya in Filipino, is the application of basic psychology to native healing practices loosely considered as medicine. These practices are closely tied to the faith healers, as well as to the native pagan priestesses like the babaylan or katalonan, who were subdue by the Spaniards during their colonization of the Philippines. Examples of such practices includeHilot The use of massage to maintenance a pregnant mother in the delivery of he r child. Kulam Hex or bewitchment. Lihi An intense craving for something or someone during pregnancy. Faith healers or manghihilot tell that if the craving is not satisfied, abnormality of the child may result. Pasma A concept that explains how init (heat) and lamig (cold) together can result in illness, especially rheumatism. Susto Soul-flight. Derived from Latin American traditions. Pagtatawas A method of diagnosing illness wherein alum (called tawas) is ritualistically used by the albularyo or medicine man for diagnosis of a variety of health conditions.The tawas is used to cross (sign of the cross) the forehead and other suspicious or hurt parts of the body as prayers are being whispered (bulong or oracion). It is then placed on glowing embers, removed when it starts to crack, then transferred to a small receptacle of peeing. As it cools, its softened form spreads on the water surface and assumes a shape that may suggest the cause of the illness, often one of several indige nous forces dwarfs, devils or other evil spirits (na-nuno, na-kulam, na-demonyo).The water in the vehicle is then used to anoint the ailing part or parts of the body to counteract the evil forces or illness. The tawas is then discarded and thrown westward, preferably into the setting sun. Usog A concept that explains how a baby who has been greeted by a st cooking stover acquires a mysterious illness. seemingly derived from the Spanish tradition of Mal de Ojo. Gaba or gabaa The Cebuano concept of veto Karma. http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Filipino_psychology annals of Sikolohiyang Pilipino, or the Psychology of, about, and for the Filipinos.Psychology as an academic discipline in the Philippines started in the earliest 1900s when the U. S. colonized the country. Scientifically, it was generally viewed as a continuation of the development of psychology in the West. In the early 1970s, however, there came a turning point in the lives of Filipinos. It was a period marked by a high degree of nationalism, brought about by the declaration of the soldierly Law. It was ironic that the father of Philippine Psychology was, at that time, a young Ph. D. graduate of Northwestern University in the U. S. More on this topic.Filipino value autochthonal Concepts in Filipino Psychology Cultural, Societal Traditions Remain entire Part of Philippines Skin Whitening and Dark Beauty in the Philippines It was on the dot his Western education that made Sikolohiyang Pilipino founder Virgilio Enriquez realize the need to have a psychology based on the experience, ideas, and orientation of the Filipinos. Together with 3 other colleaguesProspero Covar (anthropologist), and Zeus Salazar (historian), and Alfredo Lagmay (psychologist)they helped establish the foundation for a psychology of and for the Filipinos.Enriquez had been a professor of Psychology in the University of the Philippines in Diliman in 1963, notwithstanding left in 1966 for the U. S. to pursue a Ph. D. in Soci al Psychology. From there, he watched the disillusionment of young student activists in the Philippines over the deteriorating political and social conditions of the country. When Enriquez runed to the Philippines in 1971, he embarked on a research study with Lagmay into the historical and pagan roots of Philippine Psychology, which included identifying indigenous concepts and approaches. Four years later, he chaired the first national conference on Filipino Psychology.In this conference, the ideas, concepts, and formulations of Sikolohiyang Pilipino were formally articulated. Sikolohiyang Pilipino in the University of the Philippines When Enriquez returned from the States, he and a few other colleagues translated foreign articles to Filipino. The students were also strongly encouraged to write their papers in this language instead of in English, which had been (and still is) the medium of instruction in the University. Gradually, more and more members of the faculty were convince d to use the Filipino language in tenet Introductory Psychology.The main problems they encountered in the use of Filipino in doctrine psychology, especially in its initial years, included the lack of materials written in Filipino and the lack of a technical vocabulary. These challenges were solved by translations, compilations of local anaesthetic materials, and choosing the appropriate words from the local dialect. There were times when the technical term was retained when there was no equivalent in Filipino. This did not pass away out because Enriquez realized that the translation failed to express a truly Filipino psychology.Other factors were the challengingy of expressing or explaining some Western concepts and theories in Filipino, the negative reactions of students who sometimes felt that their skill in speaking and writing in Filipino was wretched, and the students lack of fluency in the language. However, there were observable benefits as well brought about by the use of Filipino in direction psychology. Among other things It created violate rapport between teacher and students There was a more relaxed atmosphere in the classroom The students confidence grew in expressing their opinions, thoughts, and actual experiences.A different perspective, which was more Filipino, was introduced into the course Indigenous concepts were discovered and The stove of topics discussed became broader with the addition of information from local materials and experiences. Class discussions also became more cover in relation to Philippine reality. Psychology became link intimately and significantly to the everyday life of the people. Most importantly, with the birth of Sikolohiyang Pilipino, a psychology with a Filipino orientation was developed. The Status of Sikolohiyang Pilipino Now.Sikolohiyang Pilipino continues to thrive, despite the death of Enriquez in the early 90s. Its proponents continue to advocate for a psychology that is truly responsive and rum inative to the needs and the unique situation of the Filipino people. http//www. stumbleupon. com/su/2DjFxC/www. suite101. com/content/sikolohiyang-pilipinothe-history-of-philippine-psychology-a316940/ Filipino Psychology or Sikolohiyang Pilipino has basic concepts based on indigenous Filipino values, including hiya, bahala na, and utang na loob. According to founder Virgilio Enriquez,Sikolohiyang Pilipino or Filipino.Psychology is psychology in the Philippines, for and about the Filipinos. It has a number of concepts uniquely based on Filipino values. Filipino set in Focus One of the major focus of Sikolohiyang Pilipino are the values and concepts interpreted by foreign social scientists. Bahala na had been compared to the American fatalism. In Thomas Andress Dictionary of Filipino Culture and Values, it is be as the attitude that makes him accept sufferings and problems leaving everything to Godthis is a fatalistic resignation or withdrawal from an engagement or crisis or a shi rking from personal responsibility. For Filipino psychologists, however, bahala na is not fatalism but determination and risk-taking. Filipinos do not leave their fate to God when they say bahala na rather they are telling themselves that they are ready to face the difficult situation before them and will do their best to achieve their objectives. It is a way of pumping courage into their system before a difficult task. Ads by Google Expat & Local Counselling International team of therapists for kids, teens, adults, & couples www. thecounsellingplace. com surmisal Free MP3s Above the clouds, The sun is always shining.www. ramatalks. com Hiya and Other Misinterpreted Filipino Values Hiya is another(prenominal) concept indigenous to the Filipinos, and it is literally translated as shame. This interpretation of hiya is inadequate because it does not consider the other meanings of the word in different circumstances and form. Armando Bonifacio said that nakakahiya (embarrassing ) is different from napahiya (placed in an awkward position) and ikinahihiya (be embarrassed with someone). Zeus Salazar also said that there are internal and external aspects of hiya. Foreign scholars have captured only the external aspect.The more appropriate translation of hiya is not shame, but sense of propriety. More on this topic Sikolohiyang Pilipino The History of Philippine Psychology Food in the Philippines Reflects Different Cultural Influences Cultural, Societal Traditions Remain constitutional Part of Philippines For Western psychologist Charles Kaut, utang na loob is debt of gratitude. This definition identified the utang (debt) only, ignoring the other concepts related to loob such as sama ng loob, kusang loob, and lakas ng loob. Utang na loob became convenient in perpetuating the colonial status of the Filipino mind.For Enriquez, reciprocity maintains the image of colonizer as benefactor. When utang na loob is looked at in the Filipino context, it becomes not de bt of gratitude but gratitude / human solidarity. It is not a big a burden as debt is because in the Filipino culture of interpersonal relations, there is always the opportunity to return a favor. It is not obligatory in the immediate future it could be fulfilled in the next generation. It binds a person to his/her home community. Pakikisama is another Filipino value that has been misinterpreted by foreign psychologists.For Frank Lynch (1961), it is maintaining muted interpersonal relations by going along with the majority conformity. For Enriquez, though, it is just one of the eight identifiable takes and modes of interaction in the Philippine society, which range from civility to oneness with. It approximately means conformity but it is not slavish conformity. This becomes evident only when one also looks at the different levels of interaction, which shows that all those starting with paki is oriented to others. The term pakikisama was therefore taken out of context. Sikolohi yang Pilipino in Social Research.The whole range of interaction can be summarized by the term pakikipagkapwa (an orientation/commitment toward ones fellowman) better than pakikisama. Kapwa (unity of self and others/shared identity) embraces both categories of outsider and insider. Enriquez gave the following scale of descent between researcher and participant Ibang Tao Category (Outsider) Pakikitungo (civility with) Pakikisalamuha (interaction with) Pakikilahok (participation with) Pakikibagay (in accord with/level of conforming) Pakikisama (being along with/level of adjusting) Hindi Ibang Tao Category (One-of-Us).Pakikipagpalagayang-loob (being in rapport/understanding/level of mutual trust) Pakikisangkot (level of active involvement) Pakikiisa (being one with/level of oneness and full trust) Indigenous research methods identified in Sikolohiyang Pilipino as appropriate in Philippine culture are pagmamasid (general looking around), pakikiramdam (feeling through or sensing), pagtat anung-tanong (asking questions), pagsubok (testing the situation), pagdalaw-dalaw (occasional visits), pakikilahok (participation), pakikisangkot (deeper involvement), pakapa-kapa (groping), and pakikialam (concerned interference).The field of psychology in the Philippines is growing. With the increasing number of Filipino psychologists realizing the need to indigenize the field, as well as the number of research studies being done using Sikolohiyang Pilipino methods, it can only prosper in the future. Reference Enriquez, V. (Ed. ). (1990). Indigenous psychology A book of readings. Quezon City Akademya ng Sikolohiyang Pilipino.

Consumer Behavior Impacts

Consumer Behavior Impacts Donna Thompson Kaplan University October 3, 2012 Consumer Behavior Impacts at heart the context of the consumer enculturation of children, adult consumer, and intergenerational socialization reflects stem theaters. To measure the cultural blow on consumer behavior towards home delight versus theatre has two approaches etic and emic. Etic approaches on cross cultural terminus user research. While emic focuses upon overindulgent issues from the viewpoint of the subjects being studied.All grow influences atomic number 18 not stagnant and do change over term from adults to children behaviors. Within the context of the consumer socialization of children, adult consumer, and intergenerational socialization reflects home theaters that allow for families to have a go at it at home in privet, without interruptions entertainment. Also with the economy it saves money, families argon outlet towards more to Netflix than cable they can get pics by mail and r eckon them at home.Due to these type of services people can comfortably enamour movies at home without buying DVDs, or go to movie theaters. Furthermore The term family is a basic concept, it is not easy to countersink because family composition and structure, as well as the roles played by the family members, atomic number 18 almost always in transition (Schiffman , L. G. , & Kanuk, L. L. 2007), which leads to cultural methods of measuring, impact and religion. To measure cultural impact on consumer behavior towards home entertainment versus theatre has two approaches etic and emic. Etic units and classifications ar available in advance, rather than intractable during the analysis. These advanced etic units can be based on prior wide of the mark sampling or surveys emic units must be discovered (Berry, J. W. 1989). Furthermore, etic approach in cross cultural end user research generally looks at comprehensive or glossiness free theories and conceptions. To search differen t socializations variables and constructs that are conventional to all ultures and can be straightforwardly rivaled in bon ton to discover how the way of life are different or sympathetic to each other as families tinge in home theater. Emic focuses upon indulgent issues from the viewpoint of the subjects being studied. Furthermore culture can be specify emic-ally as the lenses during the course of which all occurrences are seen. It determines how these occurrences are apprehended and assimilated. This relates to children looking up to their parents and friends to acquire skills and knowledge to function as consumers or crimson to build brand loyalty. Understanding the customers needs and wants induces companies to realize that no two buyers are ever exactly the same, this heterogeneity in needs and wants elbow grease companies to look for distinctive groups of customers (Shahhosseini A, Ardahaey). Culture influences are not stagnant and do change over time, and at times It h as been argued that religion is highly private in nature and therefore its effects on consumer behavior consider on individuals level of unearthly commitment or the importance placed on religion in their life (Mokhlis, S. 009). Thus it is the responsibility of merchandising managers to check for any changes and line up their marketing policies, in view of culture to a great achievement establishes how, why, when and for whom merchandises and services are procured. Whether working straight off through prohibitions and obligation or through influences on the culture and society, religious values and beliefs are known to affect prescriptively and emblematically human behavior. All culture influences are not stagnant and do change over time from adults to children behaviors.To search different socializations variables and constructs that are conventional to all cultures and can be straightforwardly rivaled in order to discover how the way of life are different or similar to each other as families partake in home theater. It is the responsibility of marketing managers to check for any changes and adapt their marketing policies, in view of culture to a great extent establishes how, why, when and for whom merchandises and services are procured. Reference Berry, J. W. (1989). IMPOSED ETICS-EMICS-DERIVED ETICS THE OPERATIONALIZATION OF A COMPELLING IDEA. internationalistic diary Of Psychology, 24(6), 721. Mokhlis, S. (2009). Relevancy and Measurement of Religiosity. International Business Research, 2(3), 10. Retrieved from www. ccsenet. org/journal. html Schiffman , L. G. , Kanuk, L. L. (2007). Consumer Behavior (9th ed. ). f number Saddle River, New Jersy Pearson Education, inc. Shahhosseini A, Ardahaey F. Marketing Mix Practices in the Cultural Industry. International Journal Of Business Management. August 20116(8)230-234. Available from Business Source Complete, Ipswich, MA. Accessed October 3, 2012.

Kantian Pro Euthanasia

Without a doubt, there argon forces that exist within the realms of even up and wrong. This understanding of what right and wrong is is the back bone of object lesson philosophy, and its positive aim to decipher whether or non our fulfils lie on either side of these realms. Immanuel Kant states that these are non the only tonets of deterrent exampleity (Lee). We essentialiness to a fault further ask ourselves what we ought to do, in our theatrical role, to follow the the reasoned will. In question, I debate whether euthanasia is an act of true good will to discontinue suffering or if it is wrong to repeal a life in any circumstance.To be better object lesson and ethical beings, and to pursue what the philosophers distinguish the higher good, we must take upon ourselves to terminal suffering in the face of imminent destruction, despite our prior connections to the life or personal beliefs. beginning and foremost, before addressing any claims as to what a moral mov ement is, we must first put up a basic understanding of what exactly constitutes a moral and an immoral action. In Immanuel Kants groundwork in morals, it states that an action can only be deemed moral if and only if devoid of all ulterior motive (Guthrie).With this give tongue to, we can safely say, killing anyone get alongd or otherwise, for any sort of gain is immoral, and therefore lacks virtue and the good will. much often than not, we will as well as come to a conclusion that we must choose life we care too much about the ones we fare to see them leave us, or even face the inevitability of death that will come soon after the immense suffering. Though as noble as saving a life whitethorn seem, this is not moral. As Kants First Categorical Imperative states, never action soul as a means to an block, sooner only as a means to an end to themselves.The maxims that drive our actions, in the endeavor to transmit the life of a suffering person, though however noble our int entions may be, are still only hypothetical imperatives that cater to our own egoistical need to keep the lives that we cherish. It can also be argued that ending a life to soothe the pains of seeing the ones we love suffer is also immoral. Wouldnt putting someone down so as that we wouldnt save to endure the pain of observation their suffering be treating them as a means to an end? This too is only for our own charitable need to end our own woes, therefore is also considered, by the standards of Kant immoral.There are further quandaries in the topic of euthanasia, than just to do or not to do. We must always remember that to be ethical and moral beings as stated in the metaphysics of morality, we must ask ourselves what we ought to do (Guthrie). This brings us to a near moral impossibility, where we must create answers and actions that beg sui generis. In the case of euthanasia, as moral and ethical creatures we ought to act against suffering, not because we feel our love ones s uffer exclusively to act upon categorical imperatives to end suffering for the saki of ending suffering.We must not base our actions off the possible consequences of not allowing the being to die peacefully, but by the duty we have to end suffering. In the metaphysics of morals, it is believed that the good will is ambiguous despite its intentions. Qualities of character that are considered to be good do not ensure morality, despite its intentions (Guyer). With this said we must then overlook all emotions involved and only hypothesise about the situation in terms of duty. If this is so, in the case of euthanasia, should we not then forgo all emotional ties and venture south for more moral answers?The preservation of life holds many connections to human wants, when, if morality is the aim, principals rather than wants should be our maxims. Relying on principals to drive our actions ensures that we do what we have to do not because we want to but because what we do is our duty (th erefore keeping virtue and the good will untainted). But I digress an acknowledge that this judgment of pure duty as an imperative is almost impossible to achieve. every observable action can be seen as conformity for the interest group of conformity and/or for some sort of personal gain (Guthrie).But, as our predecessors before us stated, pure moral maxims do exist, and believing in them is a step to morality. This is not unlike the notion of God we have no physical basis of what God is, as we dont have physical notions of what pure moral intentions are, but what we do have are priors to what they are. The benefit of using Kants groundwork is that you get the action of good will without consequential thinking of the benefit or disablement that may come from it. A moral action is that of virtue, a moral duty carried out from the good will.Therefore euthanasia is moral, for our duty and motive is to end suffering for the sake of ending suffering. It is the underlying intention whi ch decides whether our action is moral or not. The consequence only decides how beneficial our action was. As moral and ethical creatures we ought to act against suffering, not because we feel the emotional connection of watching someone you know suffer but to act upon categorical imperatives to end suffering for the sake of ending suffering. We must not end someone lses suffering to end our own pain or discomfort, but to end their suffering when all other choice besides death no longer exist for them. Works Cited Immanuel Kant. (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). Ed. P. Guyer and A. Wood. N. p. , 20 whitethorn 2010. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. . Guthrie, Shandon L. Immanuel Kant and the Categorical Imperative. Immanuel Kant and the Categorical Imperative. N. p. , 03 Nov. 2011. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. . Lee, Harrison. Kant Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals. Kant Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals. N. p. , 13 May 2011. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. .

Government & Public Administration

benefactor deviser Entitlement Division city of Irvine, Irvine, calcium, Oct. 2005 PresentDutiesManaging discretionary cases including, but not limited to conditional- intention permits, master plans, and tentative parcel/tract maps.Working with applicants to undertake lying-ins comply with the General Plan, Subdivision Map Act, De household Guidelines, Subdivision and order Ordinances. penning round reports and resolutions for projects.Creating charts & graphs and using PowerPoint for presentations.Presenting projects to approval bodies, supervisors, and the public.Assisting in managing the outgrowth of Environmental Impact Reports (EIR), including reviewing Request for Proposals (RFP) and selecting environmental consultant to produce the memorandum gathering technical studies and reports for the draft inventory coordinating the distribution of the document to departments, agencies, and all relevant parties for review reviewing the draft document to ensure the analyti c thinking conforms with city, state, and federal guidelines and policies ensuring the responses to comments satisfy all issues that are of concern.Notable projects where I served or currently fortune as Project ManagerDu Pont Lofts doubtful luck Map Extension, a 115-unit residential condominium project, proposed by West Millenniums Homes.Irvine Spectrum marrow Master Plan Modification, addition of a 20,000 square- fanny wing to the 2-million square foot retail and entertainment center proposed by The Irvine Company.Koll Center II Tentative Parcel Map, a 185,000 square-foot office park on 22 acres, proposed by The Koll Companies.Park Place Master Plan Modification a 110-acre mixed-use project consisting of office, retail, and residential uses, proposed by Maguire PropertiesNotable projects where I am currently serving as Assistant Project Manager2802 Kelvin, 176-unit apartment project, proposed by The Irvine Company.2500 Michelson, 200-room hotel/200-unit condominium projec t, proposed by Starpointe Communities.Metropolis, 500-unit apartment & condominium project, proposed by Sares-Regis Group.Assistant Planner Planning & Development Services city of La Quinta, La Quinta, California, Nov. 2004 Sept. 2005DutiesManaging various discretionary cases such as Use Permits applications, and assisting principal planners on projects.Reviewing projects in the plan and code compliance stages.Providing customer service to the ecumenic public and conducting various research projects.Planning Intern PlanningCity of Westminster, Westminster, California, June 2002 Aug. 2003DutiesWorking on applications such as preliminary plan reviews, sign programs, and minor use permits.Conducting various research projects.Participating in each week design review sessions.Providing planning-related randomness to the public via the counter or telephone.Translating planning and non-planning related inquires for the public.Assisting planners on projects.Conducting site vis its.Assisting senior staff with GIS applications. Entrepreneurship and Business forethoughtPartner Director of Business DevelopmentMaui Maui San Diego, California, Sept. 2006 PresentDutiesOverseeing all aspects of concern development, including exploring various advertising and marketing opportunities and performing due diligence.Presenting ideas and solutions to partners on how to rectify blood line operations and sales.Building relationships with the community (e.g., sponsoring community events, sport leagues, and younker organizations).Managing the development and distribution of printed menus and fliers.Developing and updating website.Assisting the general manager with business accounting.Working with government agencies to obtain licenses and permits such as ABC, signs, etc.Interviewing and hiring staff for the business.Working with county health officials, property counsel, and contractors to improve business operations.Interviewing and hiring staff for the business. k nobbed in the negotiation process for the purchase of the restaurant business from precedent owner.Co-Founder & Managing PartnerX.O. Entertainment San Diego, California Aug 2003 PresentDutiesSecuring locuss for events.Negotiating terms and finalizing contracts with venue management.Hiring and determining compensation for talents, designers, sponsors, media, promoters, etc.Overseeing planning, marketing, and operating teams.Collaborating with various companies and venue management to present innovative shows and a better productUnder my direction, the club has been the lead or a partner in the production of 42 events that generated over $800,000 in revenue and attracted a total of over 25,000 people. runnel & Political ActivitiesAssistant Campaign Manager John Duong Mayor, Irvine, California Aug. 2006 Nov 2006Duties Managing the main campaign office, leading a staff that had up to 20 volunteers, setting schedules, attending fundraising functions, interacting with business and community groups, and delegating tasks such as making phone calls, walking precincts, posting signs.Campaign Coordinator van Tran put forward Assembly, Westminster, California Sept. 2004 Nov. 2004 Duties Using fluency in Vietnamese to translate to the public, creating charts and maps to book track of the teams progress, organizing databases, coordinating media press conferences and voter alteration drive efforts, and putting together small teams to walk precincts and post signs.Non-Profit executive director CommitteeVANG, San Jose, California, Jan. 2007 PresentDuties Contacting and meeting representatives from companies to discuss sponsorship opportunities, coordinating events such as Women in Leadership and Vietnamese Americans in Media- forums that allow interaction mingled with students and successful professionals, and working with business, financial, medical, media, and student associations/groups to increase visibility of the organization on a national and interna tional level.ULI Young LeadersUrban reduce Institute Washington D.C. March 2008 PresentOrganization Information fighting(a) member of the Orange County Chapter of the Washington D.C-based non-profit research and education organization support by its members that now has more than 40,000 members worldwide representing the entire spectrum of land use and real estate development disciplines, working in private enterprisingness and public service. As the preeminent, multidisciplinary real estate forum, ULI facilitates the open exchange of ideas, information and experience among local, national and international industry leaders and policy makers devote to creating better places.EducationCalifornia State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California, Jan. 2002 June 2004Bachelor of light Urban & Regional PlanningRelevant Courses includeduse Demography &8212 Land Use & Theory &8212 CEQA &8212 Planning right Community Development &8212 Real Estate Principles &8212 Urban Developme nt ferment North China University of Technology, Beijing, China, June 2004 July 2004(Study Abroad)Courses IncludedChina and the United States Cross-Cultural compend &8212 China as a Cultural Entity Politics, Economics, Law, and Business Practice in International Destination University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA April 2008 Write it Right Business Writing CoursesCertificate of Completion LanguagesEnglish, fluent, native speakerVietnamese, fluent ?City of Irvine www.cityofirvine.org?City of La Quinta www.la-quinta.org?City of Westminster www.ci.westminster.ca.us?North China University of Technology http//www.ncut.edu.cn/http//202.204.24.37/waiban/waiban-English/index.htm?John Q. Duong www.johnqduong.com?Van Tran www.vantran68.com?VANG Organization www.vangusa.org?Urban Land Institute www.uli.org*See separate summit for a full list of professional references and contacts. 

High School and Movie Rudy Essay

The movie Rudy is somewhat a person named Rudy who wants to play football for the Notre-Dame Irish. Rudy has been told his correct life that he wasnt good enough, he was too keen and that his goals will never come true. He dreams of playing on the aggroup but since his label arent spirited enough his teacher didnt let him apply for the school. There are three main aspects ab appear Rudy that helps him get into Notre-Dame and its football aggroup, his decision making, goal setting and values.Rudys decisions were closely thought out, letting him work his way into Notre-Dame. After Rudy graduated from high school he went to work at a mill with his father. In an accident at a mill his best friend Pete died in an explosion and after this explosion he went to a priest. The priest told him that his label need to be very good for him to get into Notre-Dame and suggested that he go to Holy plow till he can get his marks up high enough. When he started studying at Holy Cross he met s omeone who was willing to be his tutor.From him he found out Rudy suffered from dyslexia, a learning disorder which made it hard for him to recognize and cross written words. Finally after 3 semesters Rudy got into Notre-Dame and was accepted into the football team because of how he played, giving it his all and trying harder than most. Rudy didnt get attired to play in a football game for about 2 years, then finally all the other players appealed on his behalf to the coach and he was finally got to play a game. Near the end of the game the players started to tone Rudy because he wasnt able to get dressed for the game

Architectural Classification of Memorials

Categorization OF MEMORIALS biographys coffin nail be classified into sundry(a) ways. Signifi arset ranges that form the groundwork of categorization tooshie be identifies asScope of listeningPermanence of the stuffEvocationArchitectureScope OF ARCHITECTUREMemorials fanny be classified establish on wind of audience in the followersPublic MemorialPrivate MemorialMemory is of import to eery human beings existences. All human existences pre cause memorializations in diverse signifiers. Human existences fragment their family in the signifier of sedate narratives or Samadhi, etcetera Persons of b way acclaim and known for of import workss are fraternity commemorated by the society. This gives u 2 signifiers of anamnesiss depending on the audience the recital references.Private Memorialsare limited to the littler communities or smaller parts of the society, e.g. Thayillam house subdue tower. Thayillam household tower is a tower medical history erected by the household at Ayroor small town in cardinal Travancore, Kerla. The 32-foot tower has the names of 268 ascendants of the household crossing nine coevalss get belt down from 1600AD. Such commemorations are rare as media other than architecture for act private memory are much popular and widespread.THE Devising OF A MEMORIALWhat does really do a commemoration? By the honor of which qualities do we name a construction a memorial? atomic number 18 these qualities a step of a construction being a commemoration and operation as one?There are two oral sex detailors that go into the devising of a memorial. These are the senseal factors and the architectural factors. apart from the emotional facets, it is the as crystalliseed architectural facets, which are of import in interpreting a construction.If the audience is straight hit by the stunnedcome or is straight related to the individual(a) that the memorial commemorates the emotional factor becomes stronger than the architectural factor. However, the emotional factor diminishes or dies out with squeeze ( as coevalss crack ) whereas the architectural characteristics remown(prenominal) more lasting through clip.In unexclusive commemoration, the full society is the audience. Ideally, the commemoration should show the position of the full society and indeed should turn to the substantial society. Besides the commemoration has to be sempiternal i.e. to state it should be able to arouse the feeling in all the coevalss that it survives and unrecorded beyond its epoch. This is where architecture run aways its ascribe. Architecture becomes the medium of arousing the emotions attached to the vitrine/person that the memorial commemorates.Though commemorations leave a intent, they oft play definite several(predicate) or added lives besides. They whitethorn non be merely a ocular statement in the urbanscape only when besides a semipolitical and a historical statement. The succeeding(prenominal) subdivision thro ws some visible radioactivity on the typifys, functions, symbolism, and the architectural rules the commemorations are based on.FUNCTION OF A MEMORIALThe premier map of a commemoration is to mark an payoff or a individual. This flowerpot be done through assorted mediums architecture, art, sculpture, Hagiographas, talks, etc. Commemoration of an event or a individual is a really big consideration and theFunctions of assorted commemorations can be farther broken up into inner informations.Memorials are shapers of memoryMemorials celebrate triumphMemorials mourn deceaseMemorials pay testimonial or honorMemorials channel feelingsMemorials maintan historyMemorials display partMemorials symbolizeMemorials are frequently national symbolsLife of a memorial can frequently be divided into stages. The impact of the memorial diminishes with clip. When the commemoration is do to mark an event, which has occurred late it has the greatest impact possible. The impact of the memorial alter ations ( diminishes ordinarily ) with progressing clip, cuttinger coevalss, alteration in sociopolitical order, civilization, and other facets. Over a occlusion of clip commemorations become inert going more memorials, meager reminders of what happened in the yesteryear.The lead basic sorts of commemorations areMemorials marking a individualMemorials marking an eventMemorials marking an emotionThese classs can be farther divided identifiable types. These areSITING post w.r.t the city stuff could beAway FROM THE CITY FABRICOn the main road ( en row )In the natural milieus ( remote )WITHIN THE CITY FABRICEn pathJunctional loss PointApproachApproach could be evaluated based onEntranceWell definedNot so fair definedNot definedPATH CONFIGUARTIONAxialBi-axialCoilingIn dealRadialPositionDirectObliqueCoilingSequence of positionsPATH OBJECT REALTIONPath object relationPath-goal relation ( Termination of way w.r.t end )SpaceORGANIZATION OF SPACESLinearCentralizedRadialClusteredSequenc e of SpacesBased onHierarchy of infinitesFlow of infinitesTransitional infinites and elementsSPATIAL RELATIONSHIPSpace within a infiniteInter-locking infinitesAdjacent infinitesSpaces tie in by a common infiniteFormForm could be evaluated based on organic law OF FORMAgreement of the basic signifiersNature of the signifier ( linear or subtractive )Configuration OF THE FORMRegular ( centroidal or linear )IrregularFORM SPACE RELATIONKind of enclosureImpact of signifier on infiniteSCALE &038 A PROPORTIONEvaluated on the footing ofCOMPREHENSIBILITY OF THE SCALEHuman gradational table massive graduated tablePROPORTIONING SystemBeing of proportioning system and deduction if every symbolizationSymbolism IN MEMORIALSymbolic contentSymbolism OF MEMORIALSAssociated setCHANGING ValuessAssociated value at the clip of construct, when built, and in clipMeans OF CONVEYING MEANINGSIndicationExemplificationMetaphorical lookMediated MentionsROLES OF A MEMORIALMemorials play assorted functions in th e society or the urbanscape. These assorted functions played by commemorations can be identified asMemorials as a political statementMemorials as a historical statementMemorials as a landmarkMEMORIALS AS A POLITIICAL STATEMENTAcommemoration has ever been and is the first and the first mark of power. History is a informant to the fact that merely the mighty and rich throw off been commemorated in a openhanded manner and have been the 1s posterior those brilliant architectural manifestations. Memorials of whatever sort are an attempt to commemorate man- to be celebrated by the emerging coevalss as a cultural testimony.Anything an object, an event of sheer religion that is big than life and has surer opportunities of endurance has ever fascinated human being and expectant male has ever essay to tie in himself with such an object, event etc. in a monumental manner.Miki DesaiMan has ever tried to tie in himself with something that is larger than life and therefore his attempts have been enjoin towards making lasting architecture. This is one of the implicit in causes of many commemorations that have been erected all throughout history. Memorials are more or less governed by their demand to be lasting. This fact has led to the huge usage of rock, which is arguably one of the long permanent stuffs available, for commemorations or for that affair of fact for any other signifier of architecture required being lasting.Frequently commemorations have been a agency of self-propagation. WhenBartolomeo Colleonidied, he left money to hold a statue of himself erected in the head teacher square at Venice. Apparently, unable to throw out the petition wholly, the swayers of Venice decreed that Thursday statue be pose in the best square.MEMORIAL AS A HISTORICAL STATEMENTMemorial grade history, are the mileposts of history. Therefore, history can neer melt off. As said earlier commemorations over a period become inert one time the epoch has passed. after(prenominal) this point of clip, the memorial becomes a mere historical milepost reminding the undermentioned coevalss. oftentimes commemorations were made with the purpose of go forthing a grade behind for the approaching coevalss, to be remembered longer than merely the life-time an effort to commemorate the individual. Memorials serve as reminder of history and the present and assist the new coevalss to memorise from it.SITINGAny memorial demands to be decently sited. If the commemoration is non decently sited ( decently turn up and has an appropriate context ) it may be unable to hold any impact on its audience. Siting is adjusted with regard to the chief city textile. The commemoration may be sitedoff from the metropolis clothorwithin the metropolis clothwith each holding its the ain giving up.One of the all right illustrations of good siting is the great Sanchi Stupa. might Ashoka really strategically and intelligently sited this whole composite ( monasteries, temples, and tope ) . S anchi hill was dictated on an of import crossing of route and river paths. Vidisha the ancient metropolis was merely 7 kilometres off and was strategically situated along a major trade path fall ining the Patliputra and the western coastal ports.Locating can be evaluated based onLocating w.r.t City FabricWhich could beAway from the metropolis clothWithin the metropolis clothAway FROM THE CITY FABRICThe memorial sited off from the metropolis cloth could be either of the followersOn the main road ( en path )In the natural milieus ( remote )Rajiv Gandhi commemoration which has been sited off from the metropolis cloth lies on the main road and therefore could be exposit en path. Devals of Badabagh ( Jaisalmer country ) could be described as a inappropriate location, off in the natural milieus.WITHIN THE CTY FABRICThe commemoration sited within the metropolis cloth could beEn pathJunctionalTermination PointTheDandi Yatra Statuecould be described as a memorial sited en path within t he metropolis cloth. India gate is a good illustration of a junctional siting while, the Jaipur column is a good illustration of passing game point.SymbolismSymbolism in commemorations can be explained as the symbolic content of the commemorations. The signifier, graduated table, stuff, motive or the entire agreement of signifier, infinite, attacks, landscape etc. in unison could be symbolic.Symbolism of commemorations on the other manus would be the perceptual experience of the commemoration in entirety by the audience it addresses. Every commemoration will stand for an thought or an emotion and could be associated with certain values and significances. Though significances may fluctuate from individual to individual, the indispensable value would stay reasonably much invariable.Valuess and significances of a commemoration of a commemoration could alter with passing of clip or with a displacement of power. Thus the commemoration may non be associated with same significances and v alues as it may hold been when it was built. For illustration, the Jaipur Column in bran-new Delhi ( located inRashtrapati Bhawan forecourt )could be associated with Imperial regulation, but today with a displacement of power it stands simply as a commemoration which marked the edifice of New Delhi. It evokes a feeling of regard from the multitudes alternatively of a feeling of prickliness ( towards the British regulation ) , as it would hold been in the times when it was built.HOW DO MEMORIALS CONVEY MANINGSThere are different ways in which the commemorations may find significances, which depends on the pick made by the interior decorator. The four different ways in which this can be done isDenotation ( direct )Exemplification ( architecturally exemplifying )Metaphorical ExpressionMediated refrencesMemorials or parts of it may be frequently read literally or denoted straight. In the instance of the capital of Nebraska Memorial in Washington D.C. for illustration significances a re denoted by infusions from Lincolns Speeches Lincoln carved into its walls and by the presence of a big statue of Lincoln himself.Memorials frequently play up certain belongingss to derive attending. The method relies upon architectural techniques and rules. Uses of strong axis, monumental graduated table, making a sense of interview utilizing the disposed media are some of the methods that could be utilise. Lincoln memorial uses a solid-void beat on its E fascade pulling attending to its centre and to the statue placed inside the edifice.A more common agencies of conveying the significance is its figurative look. Most of the commemorations make usage of this means. The Lincoln commemoration is treated as a sort of parallel temple, with Lincoln taking the topographic point of a classical divinity. In this instance the metaphor is missed, the method is instead literally carved onto the wall above the statue IN THIS TEMPLE AS IN THE HEARTS OF THE PEOPLESymbolismSymbolism IN MEMO RIALSBased onEvaluation of the symbolic contentSymbolism OF MEMORIALSbased onInterpretation of the commemoration in entiretyIdentifiable associated valuesCHANGING ValuessBased onAssociated values at the clip of construct ( interior decorators purpose )Associated values after the expression has been builtAssociated values at the period of clipMeans OF CONVEYING MEANINGSIndicationExemplificationMetaphorical lookMediated mentionsDecisionMemorials are an of import portion of a mans society and urbanscape. They play an of import function architecturally, politically, historically and society. The premier map is to show and they do it subtly tho really efficaciously. Architecture plays an of import function in the look of the commemoration. The chief characteristics of the propose of the commemoration areLocatingApproachSpaceFormScaleSymbolismHow and where the commemoration is located is of import for the target of the commemoration. A commemoration is a strong ocular statement and th erefore demands to pull attending so that it can convey what it stands for. This can be done in two possible ways either bylocatingthe commemoration at astrategic locationwhere it is possibleforit to derive that attending or holding amonumental Scalupus erythematosussuch that the memorial makes a powerful ocular statement or in other course attains that character of monumentality. Ideally, it would be best for a commemoration to hold a strategic location and have a expansive graduated table, but both scale neodymium siting can be used to co-occurrence each other. Often monumentality is attained ina a memorial by intelligibly insulating it from other options.Scaleis besides s DeviCeof meaning, a agency of denoting domination, power, or wideness. Monumental graduated tables attempt tooverpower the visitantthrough the consequence can be underplayed by utilizing certain stuffs and other characteristics such as the landscape depending on the purpose. A simple human graduated table i s more comprehensible for the visitant enabling him to associate to the commemoration.Passageis of import for the commemorations to do an impact on the visitore totals head and to reason out entire attending. This is done through attack, which act as transitional infinites that would allow the visiotr to alter the frame of head. Often te whole infinite has a certainsequence of visual aspectwith identifiablepassage elements and infinites. Often commemorations are marked by apparent power structure and a gradual flow of infinites.Formsused for commemorations aresymbolic. Most of them over a period have been imbibed with certain significances,while there is besides an on-going procedure of introducing newer signifiers vested with significances. Forms like obelisks, overbearing arches, columns, statues are celebrated signifiers of commemorations. Architectural and art motions consequence in newer signifiers for commemorations. rise sculptures a newer signifier of commemorations cam e in usage after their usage in art since early 20Thursdaycentury.Most important factor of the design of a commemoration is itssymbolism,the really factor that makes it distinguishable from other pieces of architecture, symbolism is used to convey the emotions or other non-physical facets, which form the beginning of that peculiar commemoration. Symbolism is the unseeable synergistic portion of the commemoration. Symbolism in commemorations can be identified as built-in symbolism, which comes through the usage of signifier, graduated table, stuffs, location, orientation, etc. and non-inherent symbolism, which appears in signifier of messages on plaques or other media and are uually imbibed into the interior decorator. A memorial utilizations certain symbolswhich are frequently common and hold same significances for everyone e.g. the inveted rifle capped with a soldiers hemet in the war commemorations indicates the unknown soldier. The commemoration may expose its symbolic facets in assorted ways. These could be adirect indication, architecturally illustratedor ametaphorical look.Design of the memorial reflects THvitamin Epurposeof te commemoration. Often commemorations are delusory and the seeable purpose of the commemoration is non its existent purpose. grisly monumnets or commemorations honouringthe dead are frequently made by the succecors, bespeaking more frequently their authorization than the ritual to honour the dead predecessor. Memorials, in the yearss of the point of view and authorization of those in power on their multitudes. Today with body politic as the prevailing signifier of the political order in the humans and strong emotions of nantionalism among citizens, th commemorations excessively have changed their behaviour. They are frequently vested with involvements refering the whole the whole society than those few in the power. This is non to state that commemorations are non a agency of exposing authorization, but that there is a important alteration in their usage. In additon, there is a important relation between commemorations and political relations.Th altering times have besides had an impact on commemorations. With the rapid urban agglomerations, commemorations have been made to come out and decorateour route intersections. This could be rated as a sightdegradation in the design of the memorialson one manus and as a agency to make up ones mind the enormousness of the commemorations on the other. As has been already discussed how of import it is for commemorations excessively have transitional infinites and elements, which create the certain atmosphere and the visitants, undergo an experience. The siting of te commemorations on traffic circles deficiencies this belongings. The experince is uncomplete as the passage clip is buffet down phenomenally. Therefore, these commemorations become mere decorations of our urbanscpae devoid of their basic belongingss, which their opposite total possess. This tendency could be argued as a agencies of make up ones minding the importance of the commemorations, but that would be prejudiced and can non be entertained. Arguably, this tendency is non new in the urban design and has been followed throughout history, but it must be pointed out that th manners of tranport wer besides slower than todays .