Basic Network Technology, Structure, and Protocols Research Paper

Basic Network Technology, Structure, and Protocols - Research Paper Example In Tutorial 1 described that every networked computer is connected to a DNS and a router that it has the physical (MAC) address of. In case of unknown MAC, ARP request can be broadcasted to which only the targeted devices respond with their MACs. On entering a website address in browser, the computer contacts the DNS, which responds with the logical (IP) address of the website. In case, a DNS doesn’t have it, it forwards the request to another DNS server higher in the hierarchy. The IP address is passed down to the requesting computer. Once IP is known, a TCP segment destined for port 80 containing HTTP_GET request is formed. The website’s IP address is appended to it forming an IP packet. This IP packet is forwarded to the router’s MAC to be delivered to the website server. On receiving, the server removes IP tags, extracts the HTTP_GET request from the TCP segment and replies with a new TCP segment containing requested content e.g. text, audio, video, etc. Afte r attaching IP of requesting computer, it forwards the IP packet to local router’s MAC. Routers have routing tables that indicate where to forward next. When packet arrives at destination, IP headers are removed and requested content is extracted from the TCP segment. It is forwarded to port 80, and displayed in the browser.